1 Mainardi LT (2009) On the quantification of heart rate variability spectral parameters using time-frequency and time-varying methods. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 367(1887):255-275
2 Sassi R, Cerutti S, Lombardi F, Malik M, Huikuri HV, Peng CK, Schmidt G, Yamamoto Y (2015) Advances in heart rate variability signal analysis: joint position statement by the e-Cardiology ESC Working Group and the European Heart Rhythm Association co-endorsed by the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society. Europace 17(9):1341-1353
3 Malik M, Bigger JT, Camm AJ, Kleiger RE, Malliani A, Moss AJ, Schwartz PJ (1996) Heart Rate Variability:Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. European Heart Journal 17(3):354–381
4 Okutucu S, Karakulak UN, Aytemir K, Oto A (2011) Heart rate recovery: a practical clinical indicator of abnormal cardiac autonomic function. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 9(11):1417-1430
5 Kannankeril PJ, Le FK, Kadish AH, Goldberger JJ (2004) Parasympathetic effects on heart rate recovery after exercise. J Investig Med 52(6):394-401
6 Tulppo MP, Kiviniemi AM, Hautala AJ, Kallio M, Seppanen T, Tiinanen S, Makikallio TH, Huikuri HV (2011) Sympatho-vagal interaction in the recovery phase of exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 31(4):272-281
7 Curtis BM, O'Keefe JH, Jr. (2002) Autonomic tone as a cardiovascular risk factor: the dangers of chronic fight or flight. Mayo Clin Proc 77(1):45-54
8 Bacaner M, Brietenbucher J, LaBree J (2004) Prevention of ventricular fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction (myocardial necrosis), heart failure, and mortality by bretylium: is ischemic heart disease primarily adrenergic cardiovascular disease? Am J Ther 11(5):366-411
9 Parekh A, Lee CM (2005) Heart rate variability after isocaloric exercise bouts of different intensities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37(4):599-605
10 Hemingway H, Shipley M, Brunner E, Britton A, Malik M, Marmot M (2005) Does autonomic function link social position to coronary risk? The Whitehall II study. Circulation 111(23):3071-3077
11 Amano M, Kanda T, Ue H, Moritani T (2001) Exercise training and autonomic nervous system activity in obese individuals. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33(8):1287-1291
12 Oliveira RS, Leicht AS, Bishop D, Barbero-Alvarez JC, Nakamura FY (2013) Seasonal changes in physical performance and heart rate variability in high level futsal players. Int J Sports Med 34(5):424-430
13 Tulppo MP, Makikallio TH, Seppanen T, Laukkanen RT, Huikuri HV (1998) Vagal modulation of heart rate during exercise: effects of age and physical fitness. Am J Physiol 274(2):H424-429
14 Huang PH, Leu HB, Chen JW, Lin SJ (2005) Heart rate recovery after exercise and endothelial function--two important factors to predict cardiovascular events. Prev Cardiol 8(3):167-172
15 Mourot L, Bouhaddi M, Tordi N, Rouillon JD, Regnard J (2004) Short- and long-term effects of a single bout of exercise on heart rate variability: comparison between constant and interval training exercises. Eur J Appl Physiol 92(4-5):508-517
16 Liang N, Nakamoto T, Mochizuki S, Matsukawa K (2011) Differential contribution of central command to the cardiovascular responses during static exercise of ankle dorsal and plantar flexion in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 110(3):670-680
17 Ichinose M, Delliaux S, Watanabe K, Fujii N, Nishiyasu T (2011) Evaluation of muscle metaboreflex function through graded reduction in forearm blood flow during rhythmic handgrip exercise in humans. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301(2):H609-616
18 Matsukawa K (2012) Central command: control of cardiac sympathetic and vagal efferent nerve activity and the arterial baroreflex during spontaneous motor behaviour in animals. Exp Physiol 97(1):20-28
19 Iellamo F (2001) Neural mechanisms of cardiovascular regulation during exercise. Auton Neurosci 90(1-2):66-75
20 Leicht AS, Sinclair WH, Spinks WL (2008) Effect of exercise mode on heart rate variability during steady state exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 102(2):195-204
21 Iellamo F, Pizzinelli P, Massaro M, Raimondi G, Peruzzi G, Legramante JM (1999) Muscle metaboreflex contribution to sinus node regulation during static exercise: insights from spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Circulation 100(1):27-32
22 Heffernan KS, Kelly EE, Collier SR, Fernhall B (2006) Cardiac autonomic modulation during recovery from acute endurance versus resistance exercise. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 13(1):80-86
23 Terziotti P, Schena F, Gulli G, Cevese A (2001) Post-exercise recovery of autonomic cardiovascular control: a study by spectrum and cross-spectrum analysis in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 84(3):187-194
24 Cerutti S, Esposti F, Ferrario M, Sassi R, Signorini MG (2007) Long-term invariant parameters obtained from 24-h Holter recordings: a comparison between different analysis techniques. Chaos 17(1):015108
25 Carney RM, Blumenthal JA, Stein PK, Watkins L, Catellier D, Berkman LF, Czajkowski SM, O'Connor C, Stone PH, Freedland KE (2001) Depression, heart rate variability, and acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 104(17):2024-2028
26 Speranza G, Nollo G, Ravelli F, Antolini R (1993) Beat-to-beat measurement and analysis of the RT interval in 24 h ECG holter recordings. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 31(5):487-494
27 Sandercock GR, Grocott-Mason R, Brodie DA (2007) Changes in short-term measures of heart rate variability after eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation. Clin Auton Res 17(1):39-45
28 Steeds R, Fletcher J, Smith M, West J, Channer K, Townend J (2004) Prognostic significance of early short-term measurements of heart rate variability following acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 94(10):1275-1278
29 Rajendra Acharya U, Paul Joseph K, Kannathal N, Lim CM, Suri JS (2006) Heart rate variability: a review. Med Biol Eng Comput 44(12):1031-1051
30 Bianchi. A M, Mainardi L , Petrucci E SM, Mainardi M , S C (1993) Time–variant power spectrum analysis for the detection of transient episodes in HRV signal. IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering 40(2):136-144
31 Cottin F, Medigue C, Lepretre PM, Papelier Y, Koralsztein JP, Billat V (2004) Heart rate variability during exercise performed below and above ventilatory threshold. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36(4):594-600
32 Pichon AP, de Bisschop C, Roulaud M, Denjean A, Papelier Y (2004) Spectral analysis of heart rate variability during exercise in trained subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 36(10):1702-1708
33 Golińska AK (2013) Poincaré Plots in Analysis of Selected Biomedical Signals. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 35(1):117-127
34 Piskorski J, Guzik P (2012) Compensatory properties of heart rate asymmetry. J Electrocardiol 45(3):220-224
35 Guzik P, Piskorski J, Awan K, Krauze T, Fitzpatrick M, Baranchuk A (2013) Obstructive sleep apnea and heart rate asymmetry microstructure during sleep. Clin Auton Res 23(2):91-100
36 Stein PK, Domitrovich PP, Huikuri HV, Kleiger RE, Investigators C (2005) Traditional and nonlinear heart rate variability are each independently associated with mortality after myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Electr 16(1):13-20
37 Yan C, Li P, Ji L, Yao L, Karmakar C, Liu C (2017) Area asymmetry of heart rate variability signal. Biomed Eng Online 16(1):112
38 Porta A, Casali KR, Casali AG, Gnecchi-Ruscone T, Tobaldini E, Montano N, Lange S, Geue D, Cysarz D, Van Leeuwen P (2008) Temporal asymmetries of short-term heart period variability are linked to autonomic regulation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295(2):R550-557
39 Guzik P, Piskorski J, Krauze T, Wykretowicz A, Wysocki H (2006) Heart rate asymmetry by Poincare plots of RR intervals. Biomed Tech (Berl) 51(4):272-275
40 Karmakar CK, Khandoker AH, Palaniswami M (2015) Phase asymmetry of heart rate variability signal. Physiol Meas 36(2):303-314
41 Antelmi I, Chuang EY, Grupi CJ, Latorre Mdo R, Mansur AJ (2008) Heart rate recovery after treadmill electrocardiographic exercise stress test and 24-hour heart rate variability in healthy individuals. Arq Bras Cardiol 90(6):380-385
42 Buchheit M, Laursen PB, Ahmaidi S (2007) Parasympathetic reactivation after repeated sprint exercise. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293(1):H133-141
43 Kuo TBJ, Lin T, Yang CCH, Li CL, Chen CF, Chou P (1999) Effect of aging on gender differences in neural control of heart rate. Am J Physiol-Heart C 277(6):H2233-H2239
44 Imai K, Sato H, Hori M, Kusuoka H, Ozaki H, Yokoyama H, Takeda H, Inoue M, Kamada T (1994) Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 24(6):1529-1535
45 Goldberger JJ, Le FK, Lahiri M, Kannankeril PJ, Ng J, Kadish AH (2006) Assessment of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290(6):H2446-2452
46 Guilkey JP, Overstreet M, Fernhall B, Mahon AD (2014) Heart rate response and parasympathetic modulation during recovery from exercise in boys and men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 39(8):969-975
47 Fisher JP, Seifert T, Hartwich D, Young CN, Secher NH, Fadel PJ (2010) Autonomic control of heart rate by metabolically sensitive skeletal muscle afferents in humans. J Physiol 588(Pt 7):1117-1127
48 Spranger MD, Krishnan AC, Levy PD, O'Leary DS, Smith SA (2015) Blood flow restriction training and the exercise pressor reflex: a call for concern. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 309(9):H1440-1452
49 Halliwill JR (2001) Mechanisms and clinical implications of post-exercise hypotension in humans. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 29(2):65-70
50 Romero SA, Minson CT, Halliwill JR (2017) The cardiovascular system after exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 122(4):925-932
51 Halliwill JR, Taylor JA, Eckberg DL (1996) Impaired sympathetic vascular regulation in humans after acute dynamic exercise. J Physiol 495 ( Pt 1):279-288
52 Ainslie PN, Duffin J (2009) Integration of cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity and chemoreflex control of breathing: mechanisms of regulation, measurement, and interpretation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296(5):R1473-1495
53 Ott MM, Nuding SC, Segers LS, Lindsey BG, Morris KF (2011) Ventrolateral medullary functional connectivity and the respiratory and central chemoreceptor-evoked modulation of retrotrapezoid-parafacial neurons. J Neurophysiol 105(6):2960-2975
54 Schmidt E, Despas F, Le Traon A, Czosnyka M, Pickard J, Rahmouni K, Pathak A, Senard J (2015) Intracranial pressure is a physiological stress that determines sympathetic nervous system activity. Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 12(Suppl 1)
55 Spyer KM, Gourine AV (2009) Chemosensory pathways in the brainstem controlling cardiorespiratory activity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364(1529):2603-2610
56 Piskorski J, Guzik P (2011) Asymmetric properties of long-term and total heart rate variability. Med Biol Eng Comput 49(11):1289-1297
57 Costa M, Goldberger AL, Peng CK (2005) Broken asymmetry of the human heartbeat: loss of time irreversibility in aging and disease. Phys Rev Lett 95(19):98-102
58 Piskorski J, Guzik P (2007) Geometry of the Poincare plot of RR intervals and its asymmetry in healthy adults. Physiol Meas 28(3):287-300