Table 1 Frequency of EHAID in AILD patients
EHAID
|
Frequency, n=324 (%)
|
AITD
HT
GD
Other
Rheumatoid arthritis
Sjogren's syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic sclerosis
Vitiligo
Psoriasis
Ulcerative colitis
Raynaud's phenomenon
Eczema
Still's disease
Mixed connective tissue disease
|
113(34.9)
74(22.8)
25(7.7)
14(4.3)
12(3.7)
16(4.9)
5(1.5)
2(0.6)
4(1.2)
3(0.9)
2(0.6)
2(0.6)
5(1.5)
1(0.3)
4(1.2)
|
EHAID, extrahepatic autoimmune disease; AILD, autoimmune liver disease; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease; HT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis; GD, Graves' disease.
Table 2 Comparison of clinical features between AIH patients with and without AITD
|
AIH(n=77)
|
AIH with AITD(n=65)
|
P-value
|
Male/Female
|
12/65
|
4/61
|
1.000
|
Age, year
Family history of AID
ALT(IU/L)
AST(IU/L)
IgG(g/L)
γ-globulin(%)
ANA
cytoplasmic granules
nuclear granules
nuclear homogenous
centromere
Anti-dsDNA
Cirrhosis
|
54.36 ± 1.40
5
363.0(182.5~710.0)
300.0(149.5~614.5)
17.5(14.9~19.9)
22.4(19.4~25.6)
26
33
9
1
11
23
|
53.66 ± 1.20
8
378.0(171.0~566.5)
319.0(161.0~577.5)
21.7(17.6~29.1)
26.4(22.4~32.3)
17
28
18
2
15
21
|
0.710
0.257
0.584
0.634
< 0.0001*
< 0.0001*
0.363
1.000
0.019*
0.593
0.197
0.856
|
Data were shown as mean ± SD and/or median (range).
AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; γ-globulin, gamma globulin; ANA, antinuclear antibody; AMA, anti-mitochondrial antibody; AMA-M2, anti-mitochondrial antibody M2. *P<0.05.
Table 3 Comparison ofclinical features between PBC patients with and without AITD
|
PBC(n=106)
|
PBC with AITD(n=31)
|
P-value
|
Male/Female
|
9/28
|
1/12
|
0.258
|
Age, year
Family history of AID
GGT(IU/L)
ALP(IU/L)
IgG(g/L)
IgM(g/L)
γ-globulin(%)
ANA
cytoplasmic granules
nuclear granules
centromere
AMA
AMA-M2
Anti-centromere antibody
Cirrhosis
|
55.19 ± 1.03
5
322.5(160.5~569.3)
202.5(155.0~422.0)
15.4(12.2~18.0)
3.1(1.8~4.4)
21.3(17.9~25.7)
63
13
18
63
69
21
36
|
62.81 ± 1.62
2
314.0(123.0~552.0)
266.0(122.0~496.0)
20.3(16..9~24.7)
3.6(2.7~4.9)
26.7(21.7~30.4)
17
2
6
18
16
7
13
|
0.0004*
0.656
0.601
0.744
<0.0001*
0.115
0.0004*
0.682
0.520
0.790
1.000
0.209
0.801
0.523
|
|
|
|
|
|
Data were shown as mean ± SD and/or median (range).
PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease. GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; γ-globulin, gamma globulin; ANA, antinuclear antibody; AMA, anti-mitochondrial antibody; AMA-M2, anti-mitochondrial antibody M2. *P<0.05.
Table 4 Comparison of clinical features between AIH-PBC OS patients with and without AITD
|
AIH-PBC OS(n=26)
|
AIH-PBC OS(n=17)
+AITD
|
P-value
|
Male/Female
Age, year
Family history of AID
ALT(IU/L)
AST(IU/L)
GGT(IU/L)
ALP(IU/L)
IgG(g/L)
IgM(g/L)
γ-globulin(%)
ANA
cytoplasmic granules
nuclear granules
centromere
AMA
AMA-M2
Cirrhosis
|
3/23
57.38± 1.23
2
122.0(51.3~300.8)
147.0(71.5~393.8)
245.5(116.8~523.8)
197.0(136.3~474.3)
18.6(15.7~21.9)
2.2(1.5~4.4)
25.8(19.4~29.0)
17
7
4
15
11
11
|
1/16
58.41 ±3.16
3
71.0(28.5~232.5)
104.0(36.5~192.0)
231.0(143.55~433.0)
187.0(129.0~252.0)
24.3(17.3~26.1)
3.7(2.1~5.3)
29.6(22.2~36.2)
12
4
2
11
11
8
|
0.642
0.731
0.369
0.243
0.117
0.619
0.315
0.035*
0.129
0.081
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.755
0.215
1.000
|
Data were shown as mean ± SD and/or median (range).
AIH-PBC OS, autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; γ-globulin, gamma globulin; ANA, antinuclear antibody; AMA, anti-mitochondrial antibody; AMA-M2, anti-mitochondrial antibody M2. *P<0.05.
Table 5 Comparison of immunological indicators between AILD patients with and without AITD
|
AILD(n=211)
|
AILD+AITD(n=113)
|
P-value
|
Family history of AID
EHAID
IgG(g/L)
γ-globulin(%)
|
12
32
16.3(13.5~19.5)
21.9(18.9~26.4)
|
13
24
21.5(17.5~26.1)
27.1(21.9~31.8)
|
0.080
0.170
<0.0001*
<0.0001*
|
ANA
cytoplasmic granules
nuclear granules
centromere
|
106
53
23
|
46
34
10
|
0.104
0.359
0.701
|
Data were shown as mean ± SD and/or median (range).
AILD, autoimmune liver disease; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease; AID, autoimmune disease; EHAID, extrahepatic autoimmune disease. IgG, immunoglobulin G; γ-globulin, gamma globulin; ANA, antinuclear antibody. *P<0.05.
Table 6 Correlation between IgG and thyroid antibodies in AILD with concurrent AITD
Thyroid antibody
|
r-value
|
P-value
|
TGAb(IU/mL)
|
0.396
|
<0.0001*
|
TPOAb(IU/mL)
|
0.322
|
0.002*
|
AILD, autoimmune liver disease; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease; TGAb; thyroglobulin antibody; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibody.*P<0.05.
Table 7 Thyroid manifestation in AILD with concurrent AITD
|
AIH, n=65
|
PBC, n=31
|
AIH-PBC OS,n=17
|
P-value
|
AITD
HT
GD
Other
Thyroid antibody positivity
TGAb
TPOAb
|
42
17
6
45
39
|
20
5
6
20
26
|
12
3
2
13
9
|
0.891
0.438
0.371
0.717
0.035*
|
TSH
>4.20 uIU/mL
<0.27 uIU/mL
Ultrasounds
Nodule
Diffuse lesion
|
27
4
14
32
|
10
2
4
15
|
10
1
2
13
|
0.203
1.000
0.538
0.125
|
Time of onset of AITD
Previous
Posterior or simultaneous
|
7
58
|
5
26
|
2
15
|
0.788
0.788
|
AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; AIH-PBC OS, autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome; AILD, autoimmune liver disease; AITD, autoimmune thyroid disease; HT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis; GD, Graves' disease;TGAb, thyroglobulin antibody; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibody; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone. *P<0.05.