This study was conducted in seven Public hospitals found in west Shoa Zone Oromia regional state, Ethiopia using institutional-based cross-sectional study design. Data was collected from March to April 2019.
The sample size was determined using single population proportion formula with the assumption of marginal error of 5%, 10% of non-response rate, 95% confidence level and the prevalence of the breast self-examination practice to be 33.7% from the study conducted in Wollaga, Oromia (12).
Since the sample was drawn from a finite population, the correction formula was applied. Finally, the sample size of 379 was determined. The calculated sample size was proportionally allocated to each Hospital based on the number of female health care workers in the hospital. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria
All-female healthcare workers who were actively on job during data collection at each selected hospitals were included.
Data collection tools and techniques
Data was collected using a self- administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed in the English language after reviewing and extracting from different pieces of literature developed for the same purpose. For measuring knowledge towards BSE, there were 10 questions measuring knowledge towards BSE. Answering a correct answer will result in scoring a mark and loosing will attract zero scores. Accordingly, the final total mark will be added up out of ten and graded for the decision of knowledge level.
To measure attitude towards BSE, Likert scale based items were prepared (total of ten questions). The scales reached from strongly agree to strongly disagree. To assess the internal consistency of the items, Cronbach alpha was assessed and it was 0.87 indicating good internal consistency of the items.
Good practice of breast self-examination:- those who performed breast self-examination practice a week after each menses by their palm and middle three fingers otherwise called poor practice
Good knowledge: participant those who answered greater than 75% of the 10 knowledge questions towards breast self-examination.
Medium knowledge: participants who answered 50–75% of knowledge questions toward breast self-examination.
Poor knowledge: participants who answered less than 50% of knowledge questions toward breast self-examination.
Favorable attitudes: participants who scored points equal to or greater than mean score of
breast self-examination related attitude questions as measured by Likert scale.
Unfavorable attitude: participants who scored points less than the mean score of attitude
questions (17, 26.28).
Data management and analysis
The collected data were checked visually for completeness, then coded and entered into Epi data version 4.5 statistical packages. Descriptive analysis was computed. To assess the association between dependent and independent variables by controlling for confounders, first binary logistic regression was run and variables with p-value < = 0.25 and the variables which are known to have an association with dependent variables from reviewed literature were selected for Multiple logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval (CI).