[1] V. Nazemian, S. Kalanaky, H. Manaheji, E. Houshmandi, M. Mohammadi, J. Zaringhalam, S. Mirjafari, Anti-hyperalgesia effect of nanchelating based nano particle, RAc1, can be mediated via liver hepcidin expression modulation during persistent inflammation, Int. Immunopharmacol. 69 (2019) 337–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.003.
[2] S.B. McMahon, W.B.J. Cafferty, F. Marchand, Immune and glial cell factors as pain mediators and modulators, Exp. Neurol. 192 (2005) 444–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.11.001
[3] V. Nazemian, M. Shadnoush, H. Manaheji, J. Zaringhalam,Probiotics and inflammatory pain: a literature review study, Middle East J. Rehabil. Health Stud. 3 (2016) e36087. https://10.17795/mejrh-36087.
[4] E. K. Joseph, J.D. Levine, Caspase signalling in neuropathic and inflammatory pain in the rat, Eur. J. Neurosci. 20 (2004) 2896–902. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03750.x
[5] V. Nazemian, H. Manaheji, A.M. Sharifi, J. Zaringhalam, Long term treatment by mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium modulates cellular, molecular and behavioral aspects of adjuvant-induced arthritis, Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) 64 (2018) 19-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2018.64.2.5.
[6] M. Zimmermann, Pathobiology of neuropathic pain, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 429 (2001) 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(01)01303-6.
[7] G.T. Whiteside, R. Munglani, Cell death in the superficial dorsal horn in a model of neuropathic pain, J. Neurosci. Res. 64 (2001) 168–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.1062.
[8] A. Coutaux, F. Adam, J.C. Willer, D. Le Bars, Hyperalgesia and allodynia: peripheral mechanisms, Jt. Bone Spine. 72 (2005) 359–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.01.010.
[9] S.H. Kim, J.S. Nam, D.K. Choi, W.W. Koh, J.H. Suh, J.G. Song, J.W. Shin, J.G. Leem, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Apoptosis Following Spinal Nerve Ligation Injury in Rats, Korean J. Pain 24 (2011) 185–90. https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2011.24.4.185.
[10] J.M. Zhang, J. An, Cytokines, inflammation, and pain, Int. Anesthesiol. Clin. 45 (2007) 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/AIA.0b013e318034194e.
[11] M.R. Suter, Y.R. Wen, I. Decosterd, R.R. Ji, Do glial cells control pain?, Neuron Glia Biol. 3 (2007) 255–68. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X08000100.
[12] T. Trang, S. Beggs, M.W. Salter, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor from microglia: a molecular substrate for neuropathic pain, Neuron Glia Biol. 7 (2011) 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1740925X12000087.
[13] H. Zhao, A. Alam, Q. Chen, M.A. Eusman, A. Pal, S. Eguchi, L. Wu, D. Ma, The role of microglia in the pathobiology of neuropathic pain development: what do we know?, B.J.A. Br. J. Anaesth. 118 (2017) 504–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aex006.
[14] F. Ferrini, Y. De Koninck, Microglia control neuronal network excitability via BDNF signalling, Neural. Plast. 2013 (2013) 429815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/429815.
[15] D.K. Binder, H.E. Scharfman, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, Growth Factors, 22 (2004) 123-131. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F08977190410001723308
[16] J. Zhao, A. Seereeram, M.A. Nassar, A. Levato, S. Pezet, G. Hathaway, et al., Nociceptor-derived brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates acute and inflammatory but not neuropathic pain, Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 31 (2006) 539–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2005.11.008.
[17] K. Obata, K. Noguchi, BDNF in sensory neurons and chronic pain, Neurosci. Res. 55 (2006) 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2006.01.005.
[18] X.H. Cao, H.S. Byun, S.R. Chen, Y.Q. Cai, H.L. Pan, Reduction in voltage-gated K+ channel activity in primary sensory neurons in painful diabetic neuropathy: role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, J. Neurochem. 114 (2010) 1460-75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06863.x.
[19] R. Groth, L. Aanonsen, Spinal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) produces hyperalgesia in normal mice while antisense directed against either BDNF or trkB, prevent inflammation-induced hyperalgesia, Pain 100 (2002) 171–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(02)00264-6.
[20] Siuciak JA, Wong V, Pearsall D, Wiegand SJ, Lindsay RM. BDNF produces analgesia in the formalin test and modifies neuropeptide levels in rat brain and spinal cord areas associated with nociception. Eur J Neurosci. 1995;7(4):663–70. https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb00670.x
[21] T.V. Ilchibaeva, E.M. Kondaurova, A.S. Tsybko, R.V. Kozhemyakina, N.K. Popova, V.S. Naumenko, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor (proBDNF) in genetically defined fear-induced aggression, Behav. Brain Res. 290 (2015) 45–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.04.041.
[22] C. Luo, X.L. Zhong, F.H. Zhou, J. Li, P. Zhou, J.M. Xu, B. Song, C.Q. Li, X.F. Zhou, R.P. Dai, Peripheral Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Precursor Regulates Pain as an Inflammatory Mediator, Sci. Rep. 6 (2016) 27171. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27171.
[23] Giurgea, C. E. 1972. “Vers Une Pharmacologie de l’activité Intégrative Du Cerveau. Tentative Du Concept Nootrope En Psychopharmacologie.”
[24] Gudasheva, Tatiana A., Rita U. Ostrovskaya, and Sergey B. Seredenin. “Novel Technologies for Dipeptide Drugs Design and Their Implantation.” Current Pharmaceutical Design 24 (2018) 3020–27. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666181008105641.
[25] N.A. Suliman, C.N. Mat Taib, M.A. Mohd Moklas, M.I. Adenan, M.T. Hidayat Baharuldin, R. Basir, Establishing Natural Nootropics: Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced by Natural Nootropic, Evidence-Based Complement Altern. Med. 2016 (2016) 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4391375.
[26] Gudasheva, T. A., T. A. Voronina, R. U. Ostrovskaya, G. G. Rozantsev, N. I. Vasilevich, S. S. Trofimov, E. V. Kravchenko, A. P. Skoldinov, and S. B. Seredenin. “Synthesis and Antiamnesic Activity of a Series of N-Acylprolyl-Containing Dipeptides.” European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 31 (1996) 151–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/0223-5234(96)80448-X.
[27] S.V. Alekseeva, L.P. Kovalenko, A.V. Tallerova, T.A. Gudasheva, A.D. Durnev AD, An experimental study of the anti-inflammatory action of noopept and its effect on the level of cytokines, Eksp. Klin. Farmakol. 75 (2012) 25–7.
[28] L.P. Kovalenko, M.G. Miramedova, S.V. Alekseeva, T.A. Gudasheva, R.U. Ostrovskaia, S.B. Seredenin, Anti-inflammatory properties of noopept (dipeptide nootropic agent GVS-111), Eksp. Klin. Farmakol. 65 (2018) 53–5.
[29] J. Zaringhalam, A. Akbari, A. Zali, H. Manaheji, V. Nazemian, M. Shadnoush, S. Ezzatpanah, Long-Term Treatment by Vitamin B1 and Reduction of Serum Proinflammatory Cytokines, Hyperalgesia, and Paw Edema in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis, Basic Clin. Neurosci. 7 (2016) 331-340. https://doi.org/10.15412/J.BCN.03070406.
[30] V Nazemian, B Nasseri, H. Manaheji, J. Zaringhalam, Effects of mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium on behavioral aspects of inflammatory arthritic pain induced by CFA adjuvant, J. Cell. Mol. Anesth. 1 (2016) 47-55. https://doi.org/10.22037/jcma.v1i2.11429.
[31] B. Nasseri, J. Zaringhalam, S. Daniali, H. Manaheji, Z. Abbasnejad, V. Nazemian, Thymulin treatment attenuates inflammatory pain by modulating spinal cellular and molecular signaling pathways, Int. Immunopharmacol. 70 (2019) 225–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.042.
[32] B. Nasseri, V. Nazemian, H. Manaheji, J. Zaringhalam, Microglia are involve in pain related behaviors during the acute and chronic phase of arthritis inflammation, J. Cell. Mol. Anesth. 1 (2016) 137–45. https://doi.org/10.22037/jcma.v1i4.13557.
[33] S.S. Boyko, V.P. Zherdev, R.V. Shevchenko, Pharmacokinetics of noopept and its active metabolite cycloprolyl glycine in rats, Biomeditsinskaia Khimiia 64 (2018) 455-8. https://doi.org/10.18097/PBMC20186405455.
[34] J. Zaringhalam, E. Tekieh, H. Manaheji, Z. Akhtari, Cellular events during arthritis-induced hyperalgesia are mediated by Interleukin-6 and p38 MAPK and their effects on the expression of spinal mu-opioid receptors, Rheumatol. Int. 33 (2013) 2291–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-013-2715-2.
[35] S. Nazemi, H. Manaheji, J. Zaringhalam, M. Sadeghi, A. Haghparast, Post-injury repeated administrations of minocycline improve the antinociceptive effect of morphine in chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rat, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 102 (2012) 520–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2012.07.001.
[36] J. Zaringhalam, A. Hormozi, E. Tekieh, J. Razavi, R. Khanmohammad, S. Golabi, Serum IL-10 involved in morphine tolerance development during adjuvant-induced arthritis, J. Physiol. Biochem. 70 (2014) 497–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-014-0330-7.
[37] X. Hu, X. Zhou, B. He, C. Xu, L. Wu, B. Cui, H. Wen, Z. Lu, H. Jiang, Minocycline protects against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury by inhibiting high mobility group box 1 protein in rats, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 638 (2010) 84–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.03.059.
[38] Q. Wei, Y. Bian, F. Yu, Q. Zhang, G. Zhang, Y. Li, S. Song, X. Ren, J. Tong, Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces cardiac inflammation anddysfunction in a rat obstructive sleep apnea model, J. Biomed. Res. 30 (2016) 490–5. https://dx.doi.org/10.7555%2FJBR.30.20160110.
[39] E.D. Milligan, L.R. Watkins, Pathological and protective roles of glia in chronic pain, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 10 (2009) 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2533.
[40] H. Zeinali, H. Manaheji, J. Zaringhalam, Z. Bahari, S. Nazemi, M. Sadeghi, Age-related differences in neuropathic pain behavior and spinal microglial activity after L5 spinal nerve ligation in male rats, Basic Clin. Neurosci. 7 (2016) 203–12. https://dx.doi.org/10.15412%2FJ.BCN.03070305.
[41] R.R. Ji, T. Berta, M. Nedergaard, Glia and pain: Is chronic pain a gliopathy?, Pain 154 (2013) S10–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.06.022.
[42] C. Abbadie, S. Bhangoo, Y. De Koninck, M. Malcangio, S. Melik-Parsadaniantz, F.A. White, Chemokines and pain mechanisms, Brain Res. Rev. 60 (2009) 125–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.002.
[43] E. Amy Old, A.K. Clark, M. Malcangio, The Role of Glia in the Spinal Cord in Neuropathic and Inflammatory Pain, Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 227 (2015) 145-170. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46450-2_8.
[44] M. Tsuda, K. Inoue, M.W. Salter, Neuropathic pain and spinal microglia: a big problem from molecules in ‘small’ glia, Trends Neurosci. 28 (2005) 101–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2004.12.002.
[45] L. Ulmann, J.P. Hatcher, J.P. Hughes, S. Chaumont, P.J. Green, F. Conquet, G.N. Buell, A.J. Reeve, I.P. Chessell, F. Rassendren, Up-Regulation of P2X4 Receptors in Spinal Microglia after Peripheral Nerve Injury Mediates BDNF Release and Neuropathic Pain, J. Neurosci. 28 (2008) 11263–8. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2308-08.2008.
[46] B. Fayard, S. Loeffler, J. Weis, E. Vögelin, A. Krüttgen, The secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor pro-BDNF binds to TrkB and p75NTR but not to TrkA or TrkC, J. Neurosci. Res. 80 (2005) 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.20432.
[47] H. Koshimizu, K. Kiyosue, T. Hara, S. Hazama, S. Suzuki, K. Uegaki, et al., Multiple functions of precursor BDNF to CNS neurons: negative regulation of neurite growth, spine formation and cell survival, Mol. Brain. 2 (2009) 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-2-27.
[48] J. Yang, L.C. Harte-Hargrove, C.J. Siao, T. Marinic, R. Clarke, Q. Ma, et al., proBDNF negatively regulates neuronal remodeling, synaptic transmission, and synaptic plasticity in hippocampus, Cell. Rep. 7 (2014) 796–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2014.03.040.
[49] M. Bergami, S. Santi, E. Formaggio, C. Cagnoli, C. Verderio, R. Blum, B. Berninger, M. Matteoli, M.Canossa, Uptake and recycling of pro-BDNF for transmitter-induced secretion by cortical astrocytes, J. Cell. Biol. 183 (2008) 213–21. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200806137.
[50] Peng S, Wuu J, Mufson EJ, Fahnestock M, Precursor form of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor are decreased in the pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease., J Neurochem. 2005 Jun;93 (6):1412-21. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03135.x
[51] Fang W, Liao W, Zheng Y, Huang X, Weng X, Fan S, Chen X, Zhang X, Chen J, Xiao S, Thea A, Luan P, Liu J, Neurotropin reduces memory impairment and neuroinflammation via BDNF/NF-κB in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease., Am J Transl Res. 2019 Mar;11(3):1541-1554.
[52] H.S. Je, F. Yang, Y. Ji, G. Nagappan, B.L. Hempstead, B. Lu, Role of pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) to mature BDNF conversion in activity-dependent competition at developing neuromuscular synapses, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109 (2012) 15924–9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207767109.
[53] T. Matsumoto, S. Rauskolb, M. Polack, J. Klose, R. Kolbeck, M. Korte, Y.A. Barde, Biosynthesis and processing of endogenous BDNF: CNS neurons store and secrete BDNF, not pro-BDNF, Nat. Neurosci. 11 (2008) 131–3. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn2038.
[54] A. Wysokiński, Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in depressed patients with schizophrenia, Nord. J. Psychiatry. 70 (2016) 267–71. https://doi.org/10.3109/08039488.2015.1087592.
[55] R. Yoshimura, T. Kishi, H. Hori, K. Atake, A. Katsuki, W. Nakano-Umene, A. Ikenouchi-Sugita, N. Iwata, J. Nakamura, Serum proBDNF/BDNF and response to fluvoxamine in drug-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder patients, Ann. Gen. Psychiatry. 13 (2014) 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-13-19.
[56] M. Volosin, W. Song, R.D. Almeida, D.R. Kaplan, B.L. Hempstead, W.J. Friedman, Interaction of survival and death signaling in basal forebrain neurons: roles of neurotrophins and proneurotrophins, J. Neurosci. 26 (2006) 7756–66. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1560-06.2006.
[57] R.S. Kenchappa, N. Zampieri, M.V. Chao, P.A. Barker, H.K. Teng, B.L. Hempstead, B.D. Carter, Ligand-Dependent Cleavage of the P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Is Necessary for NRIF Nuclear Translocation and Apoptosis in Sympathetic Neurons, Neuron 50 (2006) 219–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2006.03.011.
[58] C.J. Woolf, Dissecting out mechanisms responsible for peripheral neuropathic pain: Implications for diagnosis and therapy, Life Sci. 74 (2004) 2605-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.01.003.
[59] R.S. Hotchkiss, A. Strasser, J.E. McDunn, P.E. Swanson, Cell Death. N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (2009) 1570–83. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra0901217.
[60] M. Baniasadi, H. Manaheji, N. Maghsoudi, S. Danyali, Z. Zakeri, A. Maghsoudi, et al. Microglial-induced apoptosis is potentially responsible for hyperalgesia variations during CFA-induced inflammation, Inflammopharmacology. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-019-00623-3.
[61] R.U. Ostrovskaya, Y.V. Vakhitova, U.S. Kuzmina, M.K. Salimgareeva, L.F. Zainullina, T.A. Gudasheva, V.A. Vakhitov, S.B. Seredenin, Neuroprotective effect of novel cognitive enhancer noopept on AD-related cellular model involves the attenuation of apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation, J. Biomed. Sci. 21 (2014) 74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-014-0074-2.
[62] V. Vorobyov, V. Kaptsov, G. Kovalev, F. Sengpiel, Effects of nootropics on the EEG in conscious rats and their modification by glutamatergic inhibitors, Brain Res. Bull. 85 (2011) 123–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.02.011.
[63] Ostrovskaya RU, Zolotov NN, Ozerova IV, Ivanova EA, Kapitsa IG, Taraban KV, Michunskaya AM, Voronina TA, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB, Noopept normalizes parameters of the incretin system in rats with experimental diabetes, Bull Exp Biol Med. 157 (2014) 344-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-014-2562-5.
[64] Ostrovskaya RU, Romanova GA, Barskov IV, Shanina EV, Gudasheva TA, Victorov IV, Voronina TA, Seredenin SB, Memory restoring and neuroprotective effects of the proline-containing dipeptide, GVS-111, in a photochemical stroke model, Behav Pharmacol. 10 (1999) 549-53.