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Research Article
Yusong Choi
Agency for Defense Development
Corresponding Author
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Although numerous cathode materials with excellent properties have been developed for use in molten salt thermal batteries, similar progress is yet to be made with anode materials. Herein, a high-performance lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA) is fabricated by impregnating molten lithium into a gold-coated iron–chrome–aluminum (FeCrAl) foam at 400°C. A test cell employing the LIMFA FeCrAl anode exhibited a specific capacity of 2,627 As·g−1. For comparison, a cell with a conventional Li(Si) anode was also discharged, demonstrating a specific capacity of 982 As·g−1. This significant improvement in performance can be attributed to the large amount (18 wt.%) of lithium incorporated into the FeCrAl foam and the ability of the FeCrAl foam to absorb and immobilize molten lithium without adopting a cup system. For thermal batteries without a cup, the LIMFA FeCrAl provides the highest-reported specific capacity and a flat discharge voltage curve of molten lithium. After cell discharge, the FeCrAl foam exhibited no lithium leakage, surface damage, or structural collapse. Given these advantageous properties, in addition to its high specific capacity, LIMFA FeCrAl is expected to aid the development of thermal batteries with enhanced performance.
Keywords
thermal battery, molten salt, metal foam, lithium anode, impregnation
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No competing interests reported.
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This preprint is under consideration at Scientific Reports. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Yusong Choi
Agency for Defense Development
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Revision
Version 1
Posted 27 Oct, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 30 Nov, 2021
Reviews received
Received 22 Nov, 2021
Reviewers agreed
On 31 Oct, 2021
Reviewers agreed
On 27 Oct, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 27 Oct, 2021
Editor assigned
On 26 Oct, 2021
Editor invited
On 26 Oct, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 25 Oct, 2021
First submitted
On 21 Oct, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Although numerous cathode materials with excellent properties have been developed for use in molten salt thermal batteries, similar progress is yet to be made with anode materials. Herein, a high-performance lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA) is fabricated by impregnating molten lithium into a gold-coated iron–chrome–aluminum (FeCrAl) foam at 400°C. A test cell employing the LIMFA FeCrAl anode exhibited a specific capacity of 2,627 As·g−1. For comparison, a cell with a conventional Li(Si) anode was also discharged, demonstrating a specific capacity of 982 As·g−1. This significant improvement in performance can be attributed to the large amount (18 wt.%) of lithium incorporated into the FeCrAl foam and the ability of the FeCrAl foam to absorb and immobilize molten lithium without adopting a cup system. For thermal batteries without a cup, the LIMFA FeCrAl provides the highest-reported specific capacity and a flat discharge voltage curve of molten lithium. After cell discharge, the FeCrAl foam exhibited no lithium leakage, surface damage, or structural collapse. Given these advantageous properties, in addition to its high specific capacity, LIMFA FeCrAl is expected to aid the development of thermal batteries with enhanced performance.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
No competing interests reported.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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