1. Font MD, Thyagarajan B, Khanna AK: Sepsis and Septic Shock - Basics of diagnosis, pathophysiology and clinical decision making. Med Clin North Am 2020; 104(4):573-585.10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.011
2. Stephen AH, Montoya RL, Aluisio AR: Sepsis and Septic Shock in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2020; 21(7):571-578.10.1089/sur.2020.047
3. L'Heureux M, Sternberg M, Brath L et al: Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: a Comprehensive Review. Curr Cardiol Rep 2020; 22(5):35.10.1007/s11886-020-01277-2
4. Hollenberg SM, Singer M: Pathophysiology of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021.10.1038/s41569-020-00492-2
5. Pentimalli F: Autophagy in disease: hunger for translation. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10(3):247.10.1038/s41419-019-1419-2
6. Mele L, Del Vecchio V, Liccardo D et al: The role of autophagy in resistance to targeted therapies. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 88:102043.10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102043
7. Kim D, Hwang HY, Kwon HJ: Targeting Autophagy In Disease: Recent Advances In Drug Discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15(9):1045-1064.10.1080/17460441.2020.1773429
8. Singla S, Iwamoto-Stohl LK, Zhu M et al: Autophagy-mediated apoptosis eliminates aneuploid cells in a mouse model of chromosome mosaicism. Nat Commun 2020; 11(1):2958.10.1038/s41467-020-16796-3
9. Liu JJ, Li Y, Yang MS et al: SP1-induced ZFAS1 aggravates sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction via miR-590-3p/NLRP3-mediated autophagy and pyroptosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 695:108611.10.1016/j.abb.2020.108611
10. Song P, Zhang Y, Ma G et al: Gastrointestinal Absorption and Metabolic Dynamics of Jujuboside A, A Saponin Derived from the Seed of Ziziphus jujuba. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65(38):8331-8339.10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02748
11. Zhang M, Qian C, Zheng ZG et al: Jujuboside A promotes Abeta clearance and ameliorates cognitive deficiency in Alzheimer's disease through activating Axl/HSP90/PPARgamma pathway. Theranostics 2018; 8(15):4262-4278.10.7150/thno.26164
12. You ZL, Xia Q, Liang FR et al: Effects on the expression of GABAA receptor subunits by jujuboside A treatment in rat hippocampal neurons. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 128(2):419-423.10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.034
13. Liu Z, Zhao X, Liu B et al: Jujuboside A, a neuroprotective agent from semen Ziziphi Spinosae ameliorates behavioral disorders of the dementia mouse model induced by Abeta 1-42. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 738:206-213.10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.041
14. Cao JX, Zhang QY, Cui SY et al: Hypnotic effect of jujubosides from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 130(1):163-166.10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.023
15. Wang XX, Ma GI, Xie JB et al: Influence of JuA in evoking communication changes between the small intestines and brain tissues of rats and the GABAA and GABAB receptor transcription levels of hippocampal neurons. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 159:215-223.10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.012
16. Han D, Wan C, Liu F et al: Jujuboside A Protects H9C2 Cells from Isoproterenol-Induced Injury via Activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2016; 2016:9593716.10.1155/2016/9593716
17. !!! INVALID CITATION !!! [31]
18. Wang W, Yang X, Chen Q et al: Sinomenine attenuates septic-associated lung injury through the Nrf2-Keap1 and autophagy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72(2):259-270.10.1111/jphp.13202
19. Wu B, Song H, Fan M et al: Luteolin attenuates sepsisinduced myocardial injury by enhancing autophagy in mice. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45(5):1477-1487.10.3892/ijmm.2020.4536
20. Wang C, You ZL, Xia Q et al: Upregulation of Mark3 and Rpgrip1 mRNA expression by jujuboside A in mouse hippocampus. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2007; 28(3):334-338.10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00497.x
21. Shou CH, Wang J, Zheng XX et al: Inhibitory effect of jujuboside A on penicillin sodium induced hyperactivity in rat hippocampal CA1 area in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22(11):986-990
22. Zhu Y, Xian X, Wang Z et al: Research Progress on the Relationship between Atherosclerosis and Inflammation. Biomolecules 2018; 8(3).10.3390/biom8030080
23. Hong GX, Cao B: [Advances in research on the seed of Zizyphus spinosa Hu]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao 1987; 12(8):51-53
24. Wang Y, Huang M, Lu X et al: Ziziphi spinosae lily powder suspension in the treatment of depression-like behaviors in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17(1):238.10.1186/s12906-017-1749-5
25. Habimana R, Choi I, Cho HJ et al: Sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction: a review of pathophysiology. Acute Crit Care 2020; 35(2):57-66.10.4266/acc.2020.00248
26. Kakihana Y, Ito T, Nakahara M et al: Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction: pathophysiology and management. J Intensive Care 2016; 4:22.10.1186/s40560-016-0148-1
27. Inata Y, Kikuchi S, Samraj RS et al: Autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis impairment contribute to age-dependent liver injury in experimental sepsis: dysregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. FASEB J 2018; 32(2):728-741.10.1096/fj.201700576R
28. Chousterman BG, Swirski FK, Weber GF: Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39(5):517-528.10.1007/s00281-017-0639-8
29. Vincent JL, Bakker J, Marecaux G et al: Administration of anti-TNF antibody improves left ventricular function in septic shock patients. Results of a pilot study. Chest 1992; 101(3):810-815.10.1378/chest.101.3.810
30. Pathan N, Franklin JL, Eleftherohorinou H et al: Myocardial depressant effects of interleukin 6 in meningococcal sepsis are regulated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Crit Care Med 2011; 39(7):1692-1711.10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182186d27
31. He SR, Zhao CB, Zhang JX et al: Botanical and Traditional Uses and Phytochemical, Pharmacological, Pharmacokinetic, and Toxicological Characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: A Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:5861821.10.1155/2020/5861821
32. Xie J, Guo L, Pang G et al: Modulation effect of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae extracts on IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in mouse serum. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25(4):464-467.10.1080/14786419.2010.534474
33. Neviere R, Fauvel H, Chopin C et al: Caspase inhibition prevents cardiac dysfunction and heart apoptosis in a rat model of sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163(1):218-225.10.1164/ajrccm.163.1.2003109
34. Yin X, Xin H, Mao S et al: The Role of Autophagy in Sepsis: Protection and Injury to Organs. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1071.10.3389/fphys.2019.01071
35. Ho J, Yu J, Wong SH et al: Autophagy in sepsis: Degradation into exhaustion? Autophagy 2016; 12(7):1073-1082.10.1080/15548627.2016.1179410
36. Sun Y, Cai Y, Zang QS: Cardiac Autophagy in Sepsis. Cells 2019; 8(2).10.3390/cells8020141
37. Huang S, Xu M, Liu L et al: Autophagy is involved in the protective effect of p21 on LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11(7):554.10.1038/s41419-020-02765-7
38. Lin Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z: Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction (SIMD): the Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondria. Inflammation 2020; 43(4):1184-1200.10.1007/s10753-020-01233-w
39. Hsieh CH, Pai PY, Hsueh HW et al: Complete induction of autophagy is essential for cardioprotection in sepsis. Ann Surg 2011; 253(6):1190-1200.10.1097/SLA.0b013e318214b67e
40. Wang X, Zhu Y, Zhou Q et al: Heat shock protein 70 expression protects against sepsis-associated cardiomyopathy by inhibiting autophagy. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020:960327120965758.10.1177/0960327120965758
41. Zhao P, Zhang L, Gao L et al: Ulinastatin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation and regulating autophagy. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20(2):1064-1072.10.3892/etm.2020.8755
42. Chen HG, Han HZ, Li Y et al: Hydrogen alleviated organ injury and dysfunction in sepsis: The role of cross-talk between autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress: Experimental research. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 78:106049.10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106049
43. Zhao W, Zhang L, Chen R et al: SIRT3 Protects Against Acute Kidney Injury via AMPK/mTOR-Regulated Autophagy. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1526.10.3389/fphys.2018.01526
44. Hu D, Yang X, Xiang Y et al: Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 9 attenuates sepsis-induced mortality through suppressing excessive inflammatory response. Cell Immunol 2015; 295(2):92-98.10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.03.009
45. Williams GS, Boyman L, Chikando AC et al: Mitochondrial calcium uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110(26):10479-10486.10.1073/pnas.1300410110
46. Durand A, Duburcq T, Dekeyser T et al: Involvement of Mitochondrial Disorders in Septic Cardiomyopathy. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017:4076348.10.1155/2017/4076348
47. Zhang Y, Xu X, Ceylan-Isik AF et al: Ablation of Akt2 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction: role of Akt ubiquitination E3 ligase TRAF6. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:76-87.10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.020
48. Luiking YC, Poeze M, Deutz NE: Arginine infusion in patients with septic shock increases nitric oxide production without haemodynamic instability. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 128(1):57-67.10.1042/CS20140343
49. Szekely Y, Arbel Y: A Review of Interleukin-1 in Heart Disease: Where Do We Stand Today? Cardiol Ther 2018; 7(1):25-44.10.1007/s40119-018-0104-3
50. Watkins SJ, Borthwick GM, Arthur HM: The H9C2 cell line and primary neonatal cardiomyocyte cells show similar hypertrophic responses in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2011; 47(2):125-131.10.1007/s11626-010-9368-1