Magnetoelectric seismometers can measure earthquake information and play an important role in earthquake monitoring. Aiming at the wider effective frequency bandwidth of magnetoelectric seismometers, a novel seismometer based on topology optimization structural pendulum is reported. The topology optimization of leaf spring structure in magnetoelectric seismometer is designed, the natural frequency and spurious frequency characteristics of the novel seismometer are analyzed. Based on variable density theory, the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) model of the seismometer is established, and the Method of Moving Asymmetric (MMA) is adopted to obtain the optimal topology structure. The finite element analysis using ANSYS shows that novel seismometer after topology optimization structure is characteristic with lower natural frequency and higher spurious frequency than that of before optimization seismometer. The real vibration experimental results indicate that after topology optimization, the effective frequency bandwidth of seismometer is increased by 55.50%, improving from [1s, 51Hz] to [4s, 78Hz].