DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-108217/v1
Background: This article aimed to explore the mortality prediction of cerebrovascular patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) by examining the important signals associated with these patients during different periods of admission in the intensive care unit, which is considered as one of the new topics in the medical field. Several approaches have been proposed for prediction in this area that each of these methods has been able to predict the mortality somewhat, but many of these techniques require the recording of a large amount of data from the patients, where the recording of all data is not possible in most cases; while this article focuses only on the heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Methods: In this paper, using the information obtained from the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal and blood pressure with the help of vital signal processing methods, how to change these signals during the patient's hospitalization will be initially checked. Then, the mortality prediction in patients with cerebral ischemia is evaluated using the features extracted from the return map generated by the signal of heart rate variability and blood pressure. To implement this paper, 80 recorded data from cerebral ischemic patients admitted to the intensive care unit, including ECG signal recording, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and other physiological parameters are collected. Time of admission and time of death are labeled in all data.
Results: The results indicate that the use of the new approach presented in this article can be compared with other methods or leads to better results. The accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity based on the novel features were, respectively, 97.7, 98.9, and 95.4 for cerebral ischemia disease with a prediction horizon of 0.5-1 hours before death.
Conclusion: The perspective of the prediction horizons and the patients' length of stay with a new approach was taken into account in this article. The higher the prediction horizon, the nurses or associates of patients have more time to carry out therapeutic measures. To determine the patient's future status and analysis of the ECG signal and blood pressure, at least 7.8 hours of hospitalization is required, which has had a significant reduction compared with other methods.
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