Background: Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) represent a large subfamily of receptor-like kinases and have important roles in numerous different physiological processes in plants.
Results: CaCRK5 transcripts were observed to accumulate after the inoculation of R. solanacearum and treatment with salicylic acid. The fusion between CaCRK5 and the green fluorescence protein was targeted to the plasma membrane. Suppression of CaCRK5 via virus-induced gene silencing made pepper plants significantly susceptible to R. solanacearum infection, which was accompanied by decreased expression of defense related genes CaPR1, CaSAR8.2, CaDEF1 and CaACO1. Overexpression of CaCRK5 in tobacco conferred increased resistance against R. solanacearum. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation with quantitative real-time PCR analysis verified that a homeodomain zipper I protein CaHDZ27 can bind to the CaCRK5 promoter, and directly active its expression. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses suggested that CaCRK5 could heterodimerize with the homologous member CaCRK6 in the plasma membrane.
Conclusions: Our data indicated that CaCRK5 played a positive role in pepper resistance against R. solanacearum infection.

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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Additional file 1. Essential information of CRKs gene family in pepper
Additional file 2. Photobleaching phenotype of peppers infiltrated with TRV:CaPDS for 15 d.
Additional file 3. The information of all primers
Additional file 4. Original images for Fig. 6a, Fig. 7a and Fig. 8b
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Posted 01 Dec, 2020
Received 20 Jan, 2021
On 20 Jan, 2021
On 30 Dec, 2020
Received 29 Dec, 2020
On 11 Dec, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Nov, 2020
On 22 Nov, 2020
On 21 Nov, 2020
On 18 Nov, 2020
Posted 01 Dec, 2020
Received 20 Jan, 2021
On 20 Jan, 2021
On 30 Dec, 2020
Received 29 Dec, 2020
On 11 Dec, 2020
Invitations sent on 24 Nov, 2020
On 22 Nov, 2020
On 21 Nov, 2020
On 18 Nov, 2020
Background: Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) represent a large subfamily of receptor-like kinases and have important roles in numerous different physiological processes in plants.
Results: CaCRK5 transcripts were observed to accumulate after the inoculation of R. solanacearum and treatment with salicylic acid. The fusion between CaCRK5 and the green fluorescence protein was targeted to the plasma membrane. Suppression of CaCRK5 via virus-induced gene silencing made pepper plants significantly susceptible to R. solanacearum infection, which was accompanied by decreased expression of defense related genes CaPR1, CaSAR8.2, CaDEF1 and CaACO1. Overexpression of CaCRK5 in tobacco conferred increased resistance against R. solanacearum. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation with quantitative real-time PCR analysis verified that a homeodomain zipper I protein CaHDZ27 can bind to the CaCRK5 promoter, and directly active its expression. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses suggested that CaCRK5 could heterodimerize with the homologous member CaCRK6 in the plasma membrane.
Conclusions: Our data indicated that CaCRK5 played a positive role in pepper resistance against R. solanacearum infection.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Additional file 1. Essential information of CRKs gene family in pepper
Additional file 2. Photobleaching phenotype of peppers infiltrated with TRV:CaPDS for 15 d.
Additional file 3. The information of all primers
Additional file 4. Original images for Fig. 6a, Fig. 7a and Fig. 8b
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