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Research Article
Jan Tode
Hannover Medical School
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
Selective Retina Therapy (SRT) and Thermal Stimulation of the Retina (TSR) have shown therapeutic effects on Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) in mice. We investigate the differences between both laser modalities concerning RPE regeneration.
Methods
For PCR array, 6 eyes of apolipoprotein E and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2- like 2 knock out mice respectively were treated by neuroretina-sparing TSR or SRT. Untreated litter mates were controls. Eyes were enucleated either 1 or 7 days after laser treatment. For morphological analysis, porcine RPE/choroid organ cultures underwent the same laser treatment and were examined by calcein vitality staining 1 h and 1, 3 or 5 days after irradiation.
Results
TSR did not induce the expression of cell-mediators connected to cell death. SRT induced necrosis associated cytokines as well as inflammation 1 but not 7 days after treatment. Morphologically, 1 hour after TSR, there was no cell damage. One and 3 days after TSR, dense chromatin and cell destruction of single cells was seen. Five days after TSR, there were signs of migration and proliferation. In contrast, one hour after SRT a defined necrotic area within the laser spot was seen. This lesion was closed over days by migration and proliferation of adjacent cells.
Conclusions
SRT induces RPE cell death, followed by regeneration within a few days, accompanied by necrosis induced inflammation, RPE proliferation and migration. TSR does not induce immediate RPE cell death; however, migration and mitosis can be seen a few days after laser irradiation, not accompanied by necrosis-associated inflammation.
Keywords
Selective Retina Therapy (SRT), Thermal Stimulation of the Retina (TSR), Age- related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Regeneration, Rejuvenation
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Version 1
Posted 10 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 05 May, 2021
Reviews received
Received 23 Mar, 2021
Reviewers agreed
On 23 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 04 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 04 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 04 Dec, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Dec, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Ophthalmology
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Ophthalmology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Jan Tode
Hannover Medical School
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Version 1
Posted 10 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 05 May, 2021
Reviews received
Received 23 Mar, 2021
Reviewers agreed
On 23 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 04 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 04 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 04 Dec, 2020
First submitted
On 03 Dec, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Ophthalmology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Background
Selective Retina Therapy (SRT) and Thermal Stimulation of the Retina (TSR) have shown therapeutic effects on Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) in mice. We investigate the differences between both laser modalities concerning RPE regeneration.
Methods
For PCR array, 6 eyes of apolipoprotein E and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2- like 2 knock out mice respectively were treated by neuroretina-sparing TSR or SRT. Untreated litter mates were controls. Eyes were enucleated either 1 or 7 days after laser treatment. For morphological analysis, porcine RPE/choroid organ cultures underwent the same laser treatment and were examined by calcein vitality staining 1 h and 1, 3 or 5 days after irradiation.
Results
TSR did not induce the expression of cell-mediators connected to cell death. SRT induced necrosis associated cytokines as well as inflammation 1 but not 7 days after treatment. Morphologically, 1 hour after TSR, there was no cell damage. One and 3 days after TSR, dense chromatin and cell destruction of single cells was seen. Five days after TSR, there were signs of migration and proliferation. In contrast, one hour after SRT a defined necrotic area within the laser spot was seen. This lesion was closed over days by migration and proliferation of adjacent cells.
Conclusions
SRT induces RPE cell death, followed by regeneration within a few days, accompanied by necrosis induced inflammation, RPE proliferation and migration. TSR does not induce immediate RPE cell death; however, migration and mitosis can be seen a few days after laser irradiation, not accompanied by necrosis-associated inflammation.
Figure 1
Figure 2
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