Coo et al.
2019 Cohort prospective, ALSPAC (UK)
|
Ctrl:29.4 Overweight: 29.1 Obese:29.7
|
WHO
|
ND
|
8
|
child’s sex, maternal age, parity, marital status, pre-existing hypertension, smoking or alcohol consumption during pregnancy, socioeconomic status, pre-eclampsia, caesarean delivery, preterm birth, birth weight and breastfeeding duration
|
4324
|
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)-III:
Verbal Scale
Performance Scale
Full-Scale IQ
|
Zhu et al.
2019 Cohort prospective(Women's hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China)
|
ND
|
Working Group on Obesity in China
|
ND
|
Ctrl:4.82 Underweight:4.88
Overweight: 4.82 Obese:4.74
|
paternal age, parental education, children's sex, fetal distress, birth weight, gestational age, preterm birth, mode of delivery, feeding patterns, pregnancy and ART complications
|
1904
|
Chinese Version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised(C-WISC): Verbal Scale
Performance Scale
Full-Scale IQ
|
Pugh et al.
2015 Cohort prospective, MHPCD (USA)
|
ND
|
WHO
|
gestational age– standardized z scores
|
10
|
maternal age, race, parity, employment, education, income, and marital status
|
530
|
Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale 4th Edition (SBIS):
IQ Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) :
Executive function
|
Monthé-Drèze et al.
2019 Cohort prospective, Project Viva(USA)
|
32.2
|
WHO
|
ND
|
3.2
7.7
|
maternal age, education, household income, race/ethnicity, parity, smoking status before learning of pregnancy, paternal education
|
1246(3.2y)
1070(7.7y)
|
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-3rd edition (PPVT-III) (3.2y):
receptive language
Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test-2nd edition (KBIT-II) (7.7y):
verbal and non-verbal intelligence
|
Eriksen et al.
2013 Cohort prospective, DNBC
(Danmark)
|
30.8
|
WHO
|
ND
|
5.0-5.3
|
parity, maternal prenatal smoking, average alcohol intake per week during pregnancy, birth weight and gestational age
|
1782
|
Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scales of Intelligence – Revised (WPPSI-R):
Verbal IQ
Performance IQ
Full-Scale IQ
|
Neggers et al.
2003 Cohort prospective (University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa and Birmingham, AL, USA)
|
21.6
|
Underweight :<19.8
Normal : 19.8–26.0
Overweight : 26.1–29
Obese : >29
|
ND
|
5.3
|
Mother’s PPVT scores, zinc supplementation status, smoking and alcohol use and child’s birth weight, childcare status, and home environment
|
355
|
Differential Ability Scales (DAS):
Verbal ability
Nonverbal ability
IQ
|
Krzeczkowski et al.
2018 Cohort prospective, MIREC(Canada)
|
32.8
|
WHO
|
ND
|
3.39
|
gestational diet quality, home environment, maternal depression, prenatal smoking and maternal education
|
808
|
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-III (WPPSI-III):
Verbal IQ
Performance IQ
Full-Scale IQ
|
Huang et al.
2014 Cohort prospective,
CPP(USA)
|
ND
|
WHO
|
2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations
|
7.1
|
maternal age at delivery, marital status at pregnancy, maternal race, education levels, number of previous deliveries, smoking during pregnancy, and diabetes
|
30212
|
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC I):
Verbal IQ
Performance IQ
Full-Scale IQ
|
Kominiarek et al.
2018 Cohort prospective (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network, USA)
|
Ctrl:27.8
Overweight: 28.4
Obese:27.7
|
WHO
|
2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations
|
3
5
|
race– ethnicity, education, insurance type, parity, smoking and alcohol use in pregnancy, thyroid status, treatment group, gestational age at delivery, and neonatal sex
|
948
|
Differential Ability Scales-II (3y):
full-scale IQ
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (5y):
full-scale IQ
|
Gage et al.
2012 Cohort prospective, ALSPAC (UK)
|
Inadequate:
29
Adequate: 28.7
Excessive: 27.9
|
ND
|
2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations
|
8
|
mode of delivery, and the child’s sex, maternal education, parity and maternal smoking in pregnancy
|
3340
|
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children:
Verbal IQ
Performance IQ
Full-Scale IQ
|
Keim et al.
2011 Cohort prospective,
CPP(USA)
|
ND
|
ND
|
2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations
|
4
7
|
pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, race, parity, smoking, SES index and child sex
|
31968
|
Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scale (4y)
Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC) (7y)
|
Hinkle et al.
2016 Cohort prospective, NICHD(Norway and Sweden)
|
29
|
ND
|
2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations
|
5.2
|
maternal education, marital status, economic situation, parity, pre-pregnancy smoking, cigarettes, alcohol use during pregnancy
|
344
|
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence (WPPSI-R):
Verbal IQ
Performance IQ
Full-Scale IQ
|