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Research Article
Effects of the cancellous bone structure in the skull on ultrasonic wave propagation
Mami Matsukawa
Doshisha University
Corresponding Author
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The Transcranial Doppler method (TCD) enables the measurement of cerebral blood flow velocity and detection of emboli by applying the ultrasound probe to the temporal bone window, orbital, or greater occipital foramen. TCD is widely used for the evaluation of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, early detection of patients with arterial stenosis and the check of brain death. However, measurements often become difficult in elderly women. Among various factors for this problem, we focused on the effect of the skull bone on the ultrasound penetration into the brain. Especially, the effect of the temporal bone structure was investigated. Using a 2D digital bone model, wave propagation through the skull bone was investigated by the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. We create bone models which have different BV/TV (Bone Volume/Total Volume) in diploe. Around BV/TV about 60% (similar to elderly women), the observed maximum amplitude decrease due to multiple reflection and scattering. The results suggest that effects of osteoposis on the skull make TCD measurement difficult.
Keywords
Transcranial Doppler, Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity, Emboli, Ultrasound Penetration, Temporal Bone Structure, Finite-Difference Time-Domain
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This preprint is under consideration at Scientific Reports. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Effects of the cancellous bone structure in the skull on ultrasonic wave propagation
Mami Matsukawa
Doshisha University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 15 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 07 Jan, 2021
Review #3 received
Received 07 Jan, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 07 Jan, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 07 Jan, 2021
Reviewer #6 agreed
On 14 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #5 agreed
On 14 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 14 Dec, 2020
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 14 Dec, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 14 Dec, 2020
Editor assigned
On 14 Dec, 2020
Editor invited
On 14 Dec, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 14 Dec, 2020
First submitted
On 09 Dec, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Biomedical Engineering
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
The Transcranial Doppler method (TCD) enables the measurement of cerebral blood flow velocity and detection of emboli by applying the ultrasound probe to the temporal bone window, orbital, or greater occipital foramen. TCD is widely used for the evaluation of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, early detection of patients with arterial stenosis and the check of brain death. However, measurements often become difficult in elderly women. Among various factors for this problem, we focused on the effect of the skull bone on the ultrasound penetration into the brain. Especially, the effect of the temporal bone structure was investigated. Using a 2D digital bone model, wave propagation through the skull bone was investigated by the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. We create bone models which have different BV/TV (Bone Volume/Total Volume) in diploe. Around BV/TV about 60% (similar to elderly women), the observed maximum amplitude decrease due to multiple reflection and scattering. The results suggest that effects of osteoposis on the skull make TCD measurement difficult.
Figure 1
Figure 1
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Figure 2
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Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 4
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Figure 5
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Figure 7