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Research
Myung-Shin Jeon
Inha University College of Medicine: Inha University School of Medicine
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2681-8735
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
T lymphocytes are involved in infarct size at the early stage of stroke. However, the phenotypes of T lymphocytes and their functions in peripheral immune organs and the brain have not been well-analyzed from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.
Methods
A 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model was used. The phenotypes of T lymphocytes in the thymus, spleen, blood, and brain were determined using the neurological severity score (NSS) and body weights during the 6-month follow-up.
Results
Impairment of thymocyte numbers, development, proliferation, and apoptosis was observed for up to 2 weeks. The number of mature T cells in the spleen and blood decreased and showed less interferon- production for up to 2 weeks. Increased numbers of CD44+CD62L- effector T cells and CD4-CD8-CD3+ double negative T cells were observed in mouse brains in the early phase of stroke, while interleukin (IL)-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell levels increased for 1 week during the chronic phase. These phenotypes were correlated with body weight and the NSS.
Conclusions
The recovery of T lymphocyte numbers and increased IL-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes may be important for the improvement of long-term neurological outcomes. Dynamic changes in T lymphocytes from the acute and chronic phase may play different roles, such as pathological and recovery roles, respectively. This study provides fundamental information regarding the T lymphocyte alterations from the brain to the peripheral immune organs from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.
Keywords
Ischemic stroke, T lymphocytes, Thymocyte, IL-10, Regulatory T cells
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- sf1.jpg
Immune suppression in T lymphocytes after tMCAO Splenocytes were stimulated with 0.1 μg/mL α-CD3 and α-CD28 antibodies. (A) IFN-γ (ng/mL) level in the cell culture supernatant was measured using ELISA after 48 h stimulation. (B) The stimulated T lymphocytes were stained with CD4, CD8, or CD25 antibodies, and their fluorescence intensities were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mice used were n= 5 to 8 per each group. . *p ≤ 0.05 and ** p ≤ 0.01.
- sf2.jpg
Analysis of effector T cells in brain To obtain the required cell numbers, brain T cells were analyzed by pooling ipsilateral hemispheres. (A) Percentage of activated brain T cells were analyzed in contra and ipsilateral hemispheres in tMCAO mice using flow cytometry analysis. 3-4 brains were combined per sample for the tMCAO mice. tMCAO-contralateral (M-contra), tMCAO- ipsilateral (M-ipsil).
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A new preprint design is coming!
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research
Myung-Shin Jeon
Inha University College of Medicine: Inha University School of Medicine
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2681-8735
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 16 Dec, 2020
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Neurobiology of Disease
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
T lymphocytes are involved in infarct size at the early stage of stroke. However, the phenotypes of T lymphocytes and their functions in peripheral immune organs and the brain have not been well-analyzed from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.
Methods
A 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model was used. The phenotypes of T lymphocytes in the thymus, spleen, blood, and brain were determined using the neurological severity score (NSS) and body weights during the 6-month follow-up.
Results
Impairment of thymocyte numbers, development, proliferation, and apoptosis was observed for up to 2 weeks. The number of mature T cells in the spleen and blood decreased and showed less interferon- production for up to 2 weeks. Increased numbers of CD44+CD62L- effector T cells and CD4-CD8-CD3+ double negative T cells were observed in mouse brains in the early phase of stroke, while interleukin (IL)-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell levels increased for 1 week during the chronic phase. These phenotypes were correlated with body weight and the NSS.
Conclusions
The recovery of T lymphocyte numbers and increased IL-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes may be important for the improvement of long-term neurological outcomes. Dynamic changes in T lymphocytes from the acute and chronic phase may play different roles, such as pathological and recovery roles, respectively. This study provides fundamental information regarding the T lymphocyte alterations from the brain to the peripheral immune organs from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- sf1.jpg
Immune suppression in T lymphocytes after tMCAO Splenocytes were stimulated with 0.1 μg/mL α-CD3 and α-CD28 antibodies. (A) IFN-γ (ng/mL) level in the cell culture supernatant was measured using ELISA after 48 h stimulation. (B) The stimulated T lymphocytes were stained with CD4, CD8, or CD25 antibodies, and their fluorescence intensities were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mice used were n= 5 to 8 per each group. . *p ≤ 0.05 and ** p ≤ 0.01.
- sf2.jpg
Analysis of effector T cells in brain To obtain the required cell numbers, brain T cells were analyzed by pooling ipsilateral hemispheres. (A) Percentage of activated brain T cells were analyzed in contra and ipsilateral hemispheres in tMCAO mice using flow cytometry analysis. 3-4 brains were combined per sample for the tMCAO mice. tMCAO-contralateral (M-contra), tMCAO- ipsilateral (M-ipsil).
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