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Research article
Marcelino de Souza Durão Júnior
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-5697
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Background Performing a kidney biopsy is necessary to accurately diagnose diseases such as glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial nephritis, among other such conditions. These conditions predispose patients to chronic kidney disease, as well as acute kidney injury (AKI). Notably, most epidemiological studies describing AKI have not investigated this patient population. Methods Included patients admitted to the nephrology ward of a tertiary hospital who underwent percutaneous kidney biopsy. AKI was diagnosed based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Results Of the 223 patients investigated, 140 (62.8%) showed AKI. Of these, 91 (65%), 19 (13.6%), and 30 (21.4%) presented with AKI classified as stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The primary indication for performing biopsy was nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic proteinuria (73 52.1% in the AKI vs. 51 61.4% in the non-AKI group, p=0.048). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most prevalent primary disease (24 17.1% in the AKI vs. 15 18.0% in the non-AKI group, p=0.150). Multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with AKI showed hemoglobin levels (odds ratio OR 0.805, 95% confidence interval CI 0.681–0.951, p=0.011), serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-c, OR 0.970, 95% CI 0.949–0.992, p=0.008), and baseline serum creatinine levels (OR 2.703, 95% CI 1.471–4.968, p=0.001) were significantly associated with AKI. Conclusions We observed a high prevalence of AKI in hospitalized patients who underwent kidney biopsy to investigate their renal disease, particularly glomerulonephritis. Higher levels of hemoglobin and serum HDL-c were associated with a lower risk of AKI.
Keywords
acute kidney injury, glomerulonephritis, hemoglobin, kidney biopsy, HDL-c
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Nephrology.
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Posted 14 Aug, 2019
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On 05 Aug, 2019
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On 02 Aug, 2019
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Received 01 Aug, 2019
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 01 Aug, 2019
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On 31 Jul, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 31 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 30 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 30 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Jul, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 22 Jun, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jun, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 21 Jun, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 21 Jun, 2019
Editor assigned
On 13 Jun, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Jun, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 12 Jun, 2019
Editor invited
On 12 Jun, 2019
First submitted
On 26 May, 2019
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Subject Areas
Urology & Nephrology
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Nephrology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Marcelino de Souza Durão Júnior
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-5697
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Nephrology.
Version 3
Posted 14 Aug, 2019
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 05 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 02 Aug, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 01 Aug, 2019
Editor invited
On 01 Aug, 2019
No comments provided
Review #1 received
Received 01 Aug, 2019
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 01 Aug, 2019
Editor assigned
On 31 Jul, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 31 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 30 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 30 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Jul, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 22 Jun, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 22 Jun, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 21 Jun, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 21 Jun, 2019
Editor assigned
On 13 Jun, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Jun, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 12 Jun, 2019
Editor invited
On 12 Jun, 2019
First submitted
On 26 May, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Urology & Nephrology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Nephrology.
Background Performing a kidney biopsy is necessary to accurately diagnose diseases such as glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial nephritis, among other such conditions. These conditions predispose patients to chronic kidney disease, as well as acute kidney injury (AKI). Notably, most epidemiological studies describing AKI have not investigated this patient population. Methods Included patients admitted to the nephrology ward of a tertiary hospital who underwent percutaneous kidney biopsy. AKI was diagnosed based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Results Of the 223 patients investigated, 140 (62.8%) showed AKI. Of these, 91 (65%), 19 (13.6%), and 30 (21.4%) presented with AKI classified as stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The primary indication for performing biopsy was nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic proteinuria (73 52.1% in the AKI vs. 51 61.4% in the non-AKI group, p=0.048). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most prevalent primary disease (24 17.1% in the AKI vs. 15 18.0% in the non-AKI group, p=0.150). Multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with AKI showed hemoglobin levels (odds ratio OR 0.805, 95% confidence interval CI 0.681–0.951, p=0.011), serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-c, OR 0.970, 95% CI 0.949–0.992, p=0.008), and baseline serum creatinine levels (OR 2.703, 95% CI 1.471–4.968, p=0.001) were significantly associated with AKI. Conclusions We observed a high prevalence of AKI in hospitalized patients who underwent kidney biopsy to investigate their renal disease, particularly glomerulonephritis. Higher levels of hemoglobin and serum HDL-c were associated with a lower risk of AKI.
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