JYP is developed on the basis of Xiaoyao Powder and Ganmai Dazao Decoction, and is composed of 10 Chinese medicines: Bupleuri Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Curcmae Radix, Poria, Lilii Bulbus, Albiziae Cortex, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome, Wheat and Jujubae Fructus. JYP has good therapeutic efficacy, mild adverse reactions, is not easy to produce medical origin of the disease and high compliance [1]. In recent years, it is quite widely used in clinical practice. Shen et al. [2] investigated the clinical efficacy, adverse effects, and safety of depression treatment with JYP and Maprotiline through randomized controlled trials. The results showed that the efficacy of the two drugs was comparable, but there were fewer adverse reactions and higher patient compliance in the JYP group, making it more suitable for clinical application. Yu Hongmin [3] conducted a completely randomized controlled trial of 100 patients with anxiety-related insomnia; the control group was given Mirtazapine tablets only, and the treatment group was given Mirtazapine tablets and JYP. Clinical observations showed that after 8 weeks of treatment, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale scores decreased in both groups, with a more significant decrease and lower adverse effects in the treatment group. Qian Hong [4] observed the clinical efficacy of JYP in 64 cases of menopausal depression, among which 38 cases were cured, 22 cases improved and 4 cases did not recover, with a cure rate of 59.38% and a total effective rate of 93.75%, which indicates that the effect of JYP treatment is remarkable.
Insomnia, menopausal syndrome and depression are closely related. Firstly, insomnia and depression have a strong relationship, with studies showing that up to 90% of depressed patients report co-morbid problems with insomnia [5]. A synthesis of previous research shows that insomnia can be considered a symptom or natural consequence of depression [6], or it can be considered to occur prior to a depressive episode and can serve as an influential risk factor for the recurrence of depression (Pigeon and Perlis, 2007). In addition, studies have reported that many of the symptoms required to diagnose depression, such as fatigue, diminished volitional activity, depressed mood, hopelessness, and poor concentration, can be attributed to elevated levels of insomnia (Manber and Chambers, 2009; Pigeon and Perlis, 2007; Spielman and Anderson, 1999). Secondly, menopausal syndromes also often coincide with depression because menopausal women are at a higher risk of developing depression due to a variety of factors, including hormonal fluctuations or decreases, organic decline, and family and social pressures [7]. The neurotransmitter opioid peptide in the hypothalamus, adrenaline, dopamine, etc. are significantly associated with the occurrence of hot flashes, and serotonin has endocrine, cardiovascular, and affective regulatory functions, and altered levels of these neurotransmitters are also strongly associated with the development of depression. 5-Hydroxytryptamine has endocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional regulatory functions, and alterations in the levels of these neurotransmitters are also strongly associated with the development of depression. The current understanding lies mainly in the significant decrease of estrogen and progesterone in perimenopausal women and the resultant indirect interaction with hypothalamic-pituitary related axes, inflammatory factors, monoamine neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors to induce the development of depression [8].
In order to investigate the effects of insomnia and menopausal syndrome on depression, this paper will be investigated from both a more macroscopic cellular communication perspective and a microscopic molecular mechanism perspective. Cell communication is when a message from one cell is transmitted through a medium to another cell and a corresponding response is produced. The communication relationships between cells are important for understanding disease development and drug action mechanism. Xu Xianxiang et al. [9] believe that the causes of many different human diseases can be attributed to a common mechanism, which is an abnormal cellular communication system, and that most drugs, whether single or multi-component, exert their effects by acting on cells, acting as signaling molecules. Cell communication provides the best modern scientific exegesis for multi-component Taditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and their multi-targeted modes of action, and studying the integrated regulatory role of TCM from the perspective of cell communication is expected to truly reveal the essence of the effects of TCM. In this paper, protein interaction data will be used to analyze molecular mechanism, i.e., the relationship between genes associated with two diseases and those associated with depression.
In order to visualize the relationship between the effects of insomnia and menopausal syndrome on depression, this paper will construct a graph database based on the three disorders and the mechanism of JYP. Neo4j is recognized as the best graph database for mining inter-entity relationships based on the attribute graph model [10]. In recent years, an increasing number of scientific studies have been conducted using Neo4j in various fields of research. For example, Zhao Kai et al. [11] used Neo4j to construct a small knowledge map based on Guizhi decoction prescriptions from the Treatise of Febrile Diseases, and realized the retrieval, traversal, and navigation of the Guizhi decoction prescription of Prescriptions - Formulas - Medicines, laying a certain foundation for the identification and selection of prescriptions and the development of artificial intelligence-assisted prescribing systems in the future.In order to solve the problems of knowledge dispersion, incompleteness and inconvenience of querying in the process of handling cases in the judicial domain, Chen Jianxia et al. [12] extracted the semantic relations between entities and stored them in the form of ternary groups, and then imported the data into Neo4j graph database, thus realizing the construction, visualization and specific querying of the knowledge graph of judicial cases. Feng Li [13] uses Neo4j to construct a knowledge map of poetry in middle school languages, showing the structural relationship between poets and poems in the form of a diagram. Learners can look up the poem of a particular poet and browse the related poems and works, so that they can learn all the works of a particular author more systematically, thus consolidating and expanding their learning effect. Neo4j uses the Cypher language for data retrieval and query results; Cypher is a descriptive graphical query language that is relatively simple to use, but powerful enough to operate on graph databases without writing complex query code. It also supports the addition, deletion and correction of data [14]. In summary, Neo4j is widely used in various fields and is a very useful tool for storing, querying and visualizing data, so this paper uses Neo4j to fuse together a large amount of data collected for storage.
In this study, Neo4j will be used to construct a graph database based on three diseases and the mechanism of the JYP, and this paper investigates the influence of insomnia and menopausal syndrome on the depressive process from a more macroscopic cellular communication perspective and a microscopic molecular mechanism perspective, as well as the therapeutic effect of JYP on insomnia and menopausal syndrome.