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Comparison of ED95 of Butorphanol and Sufentanil for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Linmin Pan
Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0537-1359
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Butorphanol, a synthetic opioid partial agonist analgesic, has been widely used to control perioperative pain. However, the ideal dose and availability of butorphanol for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluated the 95% effective dose (ED95) of butorphanol and sufentanil in GI endoscopy and compared their clinical efficacy, especially regarding the recovery time.
Methods: The study was divided into two parts. For the first part, voluntary patients who needed GI endoscopy anesthesia were recruited to measure the ED95 of butorphanol and sufentanil needed to achieve successful sedation before GI endoscopy using the sequential method (the Dixon up-and-down method). The second part was a double-blind, randomized study. Two hundred cases of painless GI endoscopy patients were randomly divided into two groups (n= 100), including group B (butorphanol at the ED95 dose) and group S (sufentanil at the ED95 dose). Propofol was infused intravenously as the sedative in both groups. The recovery time, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fatigue severity scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and incidence of dizziness were recorded.
Results: The ED95 of butorphanol for painless GI endoscopy was 9.07 μg/kg (95% confidence interval: 7.81-19.66 μg/kg). The ED95 of sufentanil was 0.1 μg/kg (95% CI, 0.079-0.422 μg/kg). Both butorphanol and sufentanil provided a good analgesic effect for GI endoscopy. However, the recovery time for butorphanol was significantly shorter than that for sufentanil (P < 0.05, group B vs. group S:21.26 ± 7.70 vs. 24.03 ± 7.80 min).
Conclusions: Butorphanol at 9.07μg/kg was more effective than sufentanil for GI endoscopy sedation and notably reduced the recovery time.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (Registration number # ChiCTR1900022780; Date of Registration on April 25rd, 2019) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj= 37972.
Keywords
butorphanol; sufentanil; gastrointestinal endoscopy; sedation
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
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Posted 16 Apr, 2020
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Review #2 received
Received 25 Apr, 2020
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On 19 Apr, 2020
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On 16 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Apr, 2020
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On 13 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 03 Apr, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 12 Feb, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Feb, 2020
First submitted
On 05 Feb, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Feb, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Feb, 2020
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Subject Areas
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Anesthesiology. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Comparison of ED95 of Butorphanol and Sufentanil for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Linmin Pan
Wenzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0537-1359
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 2
Posted 16 Apr, 2020
No community comments so far
Review #2 received
Received 25 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 19 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 13 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 12 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 12 Apr, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 03 Apr, 2020
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Mar, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Feb, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 12 Feb, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 10 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Feb, 2020
First submitted
On 05 Feb, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Feb, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Feb, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Butorphanol, a synthetic opioid partial agonist analgesic, has been widely used to control perioperative pain. However, the ideal dose and availability of butorphanol for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluated the 95% effective dose (ED95) of butorphanol and sufentanil in GI endoscopy and compared their clinical efficacy, especially regarding the recovery time.
Methods: The study was divided into two parts. For the first part, voluntary patients who needed GI endoscopy anesthesia were recruited to measure the ED95 of butorphanol and sufentanil needed to achieve successful sedation before GI endoscopy using the sequential method (the Dixon up-and-down method). The second part was a double-blind, randomized study. Two hundred cases of painless GI endoscopy patients were randomly divided into two groups (n= 100), including group B (butorphanol at the ED95 dose) and group S (sufentanil at the ED95 dose). Propofol was infused intravenously as the sedative in both groups. The recovery time, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fatigue severity scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and incidence of dizziness were recorded.
Results: The ED95 of butorphanol for painless GI endoscopy was 9.07 μg/kg (95% confidence interval: 7.81-19.66 μg/kg). The ED95 of sufentanil was 0.1 μg/kg (95% CI, 0.079-0.422 μg/kg). Both butorphanol and sufentanil provided a good analgesic effect for GI endoscopy. However, the recovery time for butorphanol was significantly shorter than that for sufentanil (P < 0.05, group B vs. group S:21.26 ± 7.70 vs. 24.03 ± 7.80 min).
Conclusions: Butorphanol at 9.07μg/kg was more effective than sufentanil for GI endoscopy sedation and notably reduced the recovery time.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (Registration number # ChiCTR1900022780; Date of Registration on April 25rd, 2019) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj= 37972.
Figure 1
Figure 2