Comparison of ED95 of Butorphanol and Sufentanil for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Background: Butorphanol, a synthetic opioid partial agonist analgesic, has been widely used to control perioperative pain. However, the ideal dose and availability of butorphanol for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluated the 95% effective dose (ED95) of butorphanol and sufentanil in GI endoscopy and compared their clinical efficacy, especially regarding the recovery time.
Methods: The study was divided into two parts. For the first part, voluntary patients who needed GI endoscopy anesthesia were recruited to measure the ED95 of butorphanol and sufentanil needed to achieve successful sedation before GI endoscopy using the sequential method (the Dixon up-and-down method). The second part was a double-blind, randomized study. Two hundred cases of painless GI endoscopy patients were randomly divided into two groups (n= 100), including group B (butorphanol at the ED95 dose) and group S (sufentanil at the ED95 dose). Propofol was infused intravenously as the sedative in both groups. The recovery time, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fatigue severity scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and incidence of dizziness were recorded.
Results: The ED95 of butorphanol for painless GI endoscopy was 9.07 μg/kg (95% confidence interval: 7.81-19.66 μg/kg). The ED95 of sufentanil was 0.1 μg/kg (95% CI, 0.079-0.422 μg/kg). Both butorphanol and sufentanil provided a good analgesic effect for GI endoscopy. However, the recovery time for butorphanol was significantly shorter than that for sufentanil (P < 0.05, group B vs. group S:21.26 ± 7.70 vs. 24.03 ± 7.80 min).
Conclusions: Butorphanol at 9.07μg/kg was more effective than sufentanil for GI endoscopy sedation and notably reduced the recovery time.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (Registration number # ChiCTR1900022780; Date of Registration on April 25rd, 2019) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj= 37972.
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Posted 16 Apr, 2020
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Comparison of ED95 of Butorphanol and Sufentanil for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sedation: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Posted 16 Apr, 2020
Received 25 Apr, 2020
On 19 Apr, 2020
On 16 Apr, 2020
Received 16 Apr, 2020
On 13 Apr, 2020
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
On 12 Apr, 2020
On 12 Apr, 2020
Received 03 Apr, 2020
On 03 Apr, 2020
On 27 Mar, 2020
Received 16 Feb, 2020
On 14 Feb, 2020
On 12 Feb, 2020
Invitations sent on 10 Feb, 2020
On 06 Feb, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2020
Background: Butorphanol, a synthetic opioid partial agonist analgesic, has been widely used to control perioperative pain. However, the ideal dose and availability of butorphanol for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluated the 95% effective dose (ED95) of butorphanol and sufentanil in GI endoscopy and compared their clinical efficacy, especially regarding the recovery time.
Methods: The study was divided into two parts. For the first part, voluntary patients who needed GI endoscopy anesthesia were recruited to measure the ED95 of butorphanol and sufentanil needed to achieve successful sedation before GI endoscopy using the sequential method (the Dixon up-and-down method). The second part was a double-blind, randomized study. Two hundred cases of painless GI endoscopy patients were randomly divided into two groups (n= 100), including group B (butorphanol at the ED95 dose) and group S (sufentanil at the ED95 dose). Propofol was infused intravenously as the sedative in both groups. The recovery time, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, hand grip strength, fatigue severity scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and incidence of dizziness were recorded.
Results: The ED95 of butorphanol for painless GI endoscopy was 9.07 μg/kg (95% confidence interval: 7.81-19.66 μg/kg). The ED95 of sufentanil was 0.1 μg/kg (95% CI, 0.079-0.422 μg/kg). Both butorphanol and sufentanil provided a good analgesic effect for GI endoscopy. However, the recovery time for butorphanol was significantly shorter than that for sufentanil (P < 0.05, group B vs. group S:21.26 ± 7.70 vs. 24.03 ± 7.80 min).
Conclusions: Butorphanol at 9.07μg/kg was more effective than sufentanil for GI endoscopy sedation and notably reduced the recovery time.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (Registration number # ChiCTR1900022780; Date of Registration on April 25rd, 2019) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj= 37972.
Figure 1
Figure 2