Background: Domain of unknown function 668 (DUF668) may play a crucial role in the plant growth and developmental response to adverse stress. However, our knowledge of the function of the DUF668 gene family is limited.
Results: Our study was conducted based on the DUF668 gene family identified from cotton genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the DUF668 family genes can be classified into four subgroups in cotton. We identified 32 DUF668 genes, which are distributed on 17 chromosomes and are mostly located in the nucleus of Gossypium hirsutum. Gene structure and motif analyses revealed that the members of the DUF668 gene family can be clustered in G. hirsutum into two broad groups, which are relatively evolutionarily conserved. Transcriptome data analysis showed that the GhDUF668 genes are differentially expressed in different tissues under various stresses (cold, heat, drought, salt, and Verticillium dahliae), and expression is generally increased in roots and stems. Promoter and expression analyses indicated that Gh_DUF668-05, Gh_DUF668-08, Gh_DUF668-11, Gh_DUF668-23 and Gh_DUF668-28 in G. hirsutum might have evolved resistance to adverse stress. Additionally, qRT-PCR revealed that these 5 genes in four cotton lines, KK1543 (drought resistant), Xinluzao 26 (drought sensitive), Zhongzhimian 2 (disease resistant) and Simian 3 (susceptible), under drought and Verticillium wilt stress were all significantly induced. Roots had the highest expression of these 5 genes before and after the treatment. Among them, the expression levels of Gh_DUF668-08 and Gh_DUF668-23 increased sharply at 6 h and reached a maximum at 12 h under biotic and abiotic stress, which showed that they might be involved in the process of adverse stress resistance in cotton.
Conclusion: The significant changes in GhDUF668 expression in the roots after adverse stress indicate that GhDUF668 is likely to increase plant resistance to stress. This study provides an important theoretical basis for further research on the function of the DUF668 gene family and the molecular mechanism of adverse stress resistance in cotton.

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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of the DUF668 domain in the DUF668 proteins of cotton.
Additional file 2: Table S1. cotton DUF668 gene protein sequences
Additional file 3: Table S2. cis-acting elements analysis of DUF668 family members in G. hirsutum
Additional file 4: Table S3. All primers used in this study
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Posted 31 Dec, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2021
Received 29 Jan, 2021
Received 11 Jan, 2021
Received 11 Jan, 2021
On 03 Jan, 2021
On 01 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 28 Dec, 2020
On 17 Dec, 2020
On 17 Dec, 2020
On 16 Dec, 2020
Posted 31 Dec, 2020
On 05 Feb, 2021
Received 29 Jan, 2021
Received 11 Jan, 2021
Received 11 Jan, 2021
On 03 Jan, 2021
On 01 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 31 Dec, 2020
On 31 Dec, 2020
On 28 Dec, 2020
On 17 Dec, 2020
On 17 Dec, 2020
On 16 Dec, 2020
Background: Domain of unknown function 668 (DUF668) may play a crucial role in the plant growth and developmental response to adverse stress. However, our knowledge of the function of the DUF668 gene family is limited.
Results: Our study was conducted based on the DUF668 gene family identified from cotton genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the DUF668 family genes can be classified into four subgroups in cotton. We identified 32 DUF668 genes, which are distributed on 17 chromosomes and are mostly located in the nucleus of Gossypium hirsutum. Gene structure and motif analyses revealed that the members of the DUF668 gene family can be clustered in G. hirsutum into two broad groups, which are relatively evolutionarily conserved. Transcriptome data analysis showed that the GhDUF668 genes are differentially expressed in different tissues under various stresses (cold, heat, drought, salt, and Verticillium dahliae), and expression is generally increased in roots and stems. Promoter and expression analyses indicated that Gh_DUF668-05, Gh_DUF668-08, Gh_DUF668-11, Gh_DUF668-23 and Gh_DUF668-28 in G. hirsutum might have evolved resistance to adverse stress. Additionally, qRT-PCR revealed that these 5 genes in four cotton lines, KK1543 (drought resistant), Xinluzao 26 (drought sensitive), Zhongzhimian 2 (disease resistant) and Simian 3 (susceptible), under drought and Verticillium wilt stress were all significantly induced. Roots had the highest expression of these 5 genes before and after the treatment. Among them, the expression levels of Gh_DUF668-08 and Gh_DUF668-23 increased sharply at 6 h and reached a maximum at 12 h under biotic and abiotic stress, which showed that they might be involved in the process of adverse stress resistance in cotton.
Conclusion: The significant changes in GhDUF668 expression in the roots after adverse stress indicate that GhDUF668 is likely to increase plant resistance to stress. This study provides an important theoretical basis for further research on the function of the DUF668 gene family and the molecular mechanism of adverse stress resistance in cotton.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of the DUF668 domain in the DUF668 proteins of cotton.
Additional file 2: Table S1. cotton DUF668 gene protein sequences
Additional file 3: Table S2. cis-acting elements analysis of DUF668 family members in G. hirsutum
Additional file 4: Table S3. All primers used in this study
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