Growth and Autolysis of Kluyveromyces Marxianus Stimulated with Lactate Provides Insights into Symbiosis
Kluyveromyces marxianus is a yeast that was identified from kefir and can use a broad range of substrates, such as glucose and lactate, as carbon sources. The lactate produced in kefir culture can be a substrate for K. marxianus. However, the complexity of the kefir microbiota makes the traits of K. marxianus difficult to study. In this research, we focused on K. marxianus cultured with lactate as the sole carbon source. The optimal growth and released protein in lactate culture were determined under different pH conditions, and the LC-MS/MS-identified proteins were associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis pathway, and cellular stress responses in cells, indicating that autolysis of K. marxianus had occurred under the culture conditions. The abundant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP1) was crystallized in the cell-free fraction, and the low transcription level of the GAP1 gene indicated that the protein abundance under autolysis conditions was dependent on protein stability. These results suggest that lactate produced by lactic acid bacteria stimulates the growth and autolysis of K. marxianus, releasing proteins and peptides. These findings can be fundamental for K. marxianus probiotic and kefir studies in the future.
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Posted 13 Jan, 2021
Received 23 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 09 Jan, 2021
On 09 Jan, 2021
On 08 Jan, 2021
On 08 Jan, 2021
On 07 Jan, 2021
Growth and Autolysis of Kluyveromyces Marxianus Stimulated with Lactate Provides Insights into Symbiosis
Posted 13 Jan, 2021
Received 23 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
On 10 Jan, 2021
Invitations sent on 09 Jan, 2021
On 09 Jan, 2021
On 08 Jan, 2021
On 08 Jan, 2021
On 07 Jan, 2021
Kluyveromyces marxianus is a yeast that was identified from kefir and can use a broad range of substrates, such as glucose and lactate, as carbon sources. The lactate produced in kefir culture can be a substrate for K. marxianus. However, the complexity of the kefir microbiota makes the traits of K. marxianus difficult to study. In this research, we focused on K. marxianus cultured with lactate as the sole carbon source. The optimal growth and released protein in lactate culture were determined under different pH conditions, and the LC-MS/MS-identified proteins were associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis pathway, and cellular stress responses in cells, indicating that autolysis of K. marxianus had occurred under the culture conditions. The abundant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP1) was crystallized in the cell-free fraction, and the low transcription level of the GAP1 gene indicated that the protein abundance under autolysis conditions was dependent on protein stability. These results suggest that lactate produced by lactic acid bacteria stimulates the growth and autolysis of K. marxianus, releasing proteins and peptides. These findings can be fundamental for K. marxianus probiotic and kefir studies in the future.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5