1) Cruzat A, Qazi Y, Hamrah P. In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of Corneal Nerves in Health and Disease. Ocul Surf. 2017 Jan;15(1):15-47.
2) Chan TCY, Wan KH, Shih KC, Jhanji V. Advances in dry eye imaging: the present and beyond. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018 Mar;102(3):295-301
3) Quattrini C, Tavakoli M, Jeziorska M, Kallinikos P, Tesfaye S, Finnigan J, Marshall
A, Boulton AJ, Efron N, Malik RA. Surrogate markers of small fiber damage in human diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes 2007;56:2148–2154.
4) S. Mehra, M. Tavakoli, P. A. Kallinikos, N. Efron, A. J. Boulton, T. Augustine, et al. Corneal confocal microscopy detects early nerve regeneration after pancreas transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2007;2608-2612.
5) M. Tavakoli, M. Mitu-Pretorian, I. N. Petropoulos, H. Fadavi, O. Asghar, U. Alam, et al., “Corneal confocal microscopy detects early nerve regeneration in diabetic neuropathy after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation”, Diabetes, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 254-560, 2013.
6) Bonini S, Lambiase A, Rama P, Filatori I, Allegretti M, Chao W, Mantelli F; REPARO Study Group. Phase I Trial of Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor for Neurotrophic Keratitis.qa
Ophthalmology. 2018 Sep;125(9):1468-1471.
7) Bonini S, Lambiase A, Rama P, Sinigaglia F, Allegretti M, Chao W, Mantelli F; REPARO Study Group. Phase II Randomized, Double-Masked, Vehicle-Controlled Trial of Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor for Neurotrophic Keratitis. Ophthalmology. 2018 Sep;125(9):1332-1343.
8) Fogagnolo P, Sacchi M, Ceresara G, Paderni R, Lapadula P, Orzalesi N, Rossetti L. The effects of topical coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate after cataract surgery: a clinical and in vivo confocal study. Ophthalmologica. 2013;229(1):26-31.
9) Terzis JK, Dryer MM, Bodner BI. Corneal neurotization: a novel solution to neurotrophic keratopathy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Jan;123(1):112-20. doi:
10) Allevi F, Fogagnolo P, Rossetti L, Biglioli F. Eyelid reanimation, neurotisation, and transplantation of the cornea in a patient with facial palsy. BMJ Case Rep. 2014 Aug 19;2014. pii: bcr2014205372. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-205372.
11) Diederich, K., Frauenknecht, K., Minnerup, J., Schneider, B.K., Schmidt, A., Altach, E. et al. Citicoline enhances neuroregenerative processes after experimental stroke in rats. Stroke 2012, 43, 1931–1940.
12) Okada K, Tanaka H: Methylcobalamin increases Erk1/2 and Akt activities through the methylation cycle and promotes nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Exp Neurol 2010, 222(2):191–203.
13) Ottobelli L, Manni GL, Centofanti M, Iester M, Allevena F, Rossetti L. Citicoline oral solution in glaucoma: is there a role in slowing disease progression? Ophthalmologica. 2013;229(4):219-26.
14) Yagihashi S: In vivo effect of methylcobalamin on the peripheral nerve structure in streptozotocin Diabetic Rats. Hom metab Res 1982, 14(9):10–13.
15) Matteucci A, Varano M, Gaddini L, Mallozzi C, Villa M, Pricci F, Malchiodi-Albedi F. Neuroprotective effects of citicoline in in vitro models of retinal neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(4):6286-97.
16) Bogdanov P, Sampedro J, Solà-Adell C, Simó-Servat O, Russo C, Varela-Sende L, Simó R, Hernández C. Effects of Liposomal Formulation of Citicoline in Experimental Diabetes-Induced Retinal Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 20;19(8). pii: E2458.
17) Maestroni S, Preziosa C, Capuano V, Spinello A, Zucchiatti I, Gabellini D, Lattanzio R, Bandello F, Zerbini G. In vivo Evaluation of Retinal and Choroidal Structure in a Mouse
Model of Long-Lasting Diabetes. Effect of Topical Treatment with Citicoline. Journal of Ocular Diseases and Therapeutics, 2015,3:1-8.
18) Parisi V, Centofanti M, Ziccardi L, Tanga L, Michelessi M, Roberti G, Manni G.
Treatment with citicoline eye drops enhances retinal function and neural conduction along the visual pathways in open angle glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2015;253:1327-40.
19) Vagenas D, Pritchard N, Edwards K, Shahidi AM, Sampson GP, Russell AW, Malik RA, Efron N. Optimal image sample size for corneal nerve optometry. Optometry and vision science, 2012: 812-817.
20) Bron AJ, de Paiva CS, Chauhan SK, Bonini S, Gabison EE, Jain S, Knop E, Markoulli M, Ogawa Y, Perez V, Uchino Y, Yokoi N, Zoukhri D, Sullivan DA. TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report. Ocul Surf. 2017;15:438-510.
21) Ferdousi M, Petropoulos IN, Kalteniece A, Azmi S, Ponirakis G, Efron N, Soran H, Malik RA. No Relation Between the Severity of Corneal Nerve, Epithelial, and Keratocyte Cell Morphology With Measures of Dry Eye Disease in Type 1 Diabetes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:5525-5530.
22) Lyu Y, Zeng X, Li F, Zhao S. The effect of the duration of diabetes on dry eye and corneal nerves. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2019 Apr 24. pii: S1367-0484(18)30866-X.
23) Wang C, Peng Y, Pan S, Li L. IGF-1 can effectively accelerate the early repair of corneal surface ultrastructure and nerve regeneration - Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on corneal surface ultrastructure and nerve regeneration of rabbit eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis. Neurosci Lett. 2014;558:169-74.
24) Zou X, Lu L, Xu Y, Zhu J, He J, Zhang B, Zou H. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of dry eye disease in community-based type 2 diabetic patients: the Beixinjing eye study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18:117.
25) Achtsidis V, Eleftheriadou I, Kozanidou E, et al. Dry eye syndrome in subjects with diabetes and association with neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 2014; 37: e210–e211.
26) De Cillà S, Ranno S, Carini E, Fogagnolo P, Ceresara G, Orzalesi N, Rossetti LM. Corneal subbasal nerves changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy: an in vivo confocal study. IOVS 2009; 50:5155-8.
27) Parissi M, Karanis G, Randjelovic S, et al. Standardized baseline human corneal subbasal nerve density for clinical investigations with laser-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy. IOVS 2013;54:7091-7102.