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Background: Rabies is a lethal zoonotic viral disease mostly transmitted by dog-bite. Ethiopia accommodates the second largest number of human rabies deaths in Africa. The total number of animal rabies cases in Ethiopia is not known. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize and pool estimates of dog-mediated rabies' status in Ethiopia.
Methods: Published researches between the years 2010 to 2020 were comprehensively searched and the required information was extracted. The prevalence was estimated using the random-effects meta-analysis because higher heterogeneity between studies was expected.
Results: The pooled estimate of rabies was 32% (95% CI: 19% - 46%), with individual study prevalence estimates ranged from 1% - 78%. Studies were approximately weighted equally with individual weight ranging from 5.19% - 5.28%. Subgroup analysis indicated that the random pooled prevalence of rabies based upon hosts affected was 28% (95% CI: 0% – 81%) in animals and 33% (95% CI: 20% - 47%) in humans. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis across regions indicated that the pooled prevalence in Amhara and Tigray regional states was 5% (CI: 3% - 8%) and 55% (CI: 21% - 86%), respectively. No single study was reported from the country's Eastern and Southern parts which might be due to the religious aspect that most Muslims do not keep dogs in this region. Thus, the regional differences in data availability may have led to an overestimation of some regions' estimates.
Conclusion: The estimated pooled rabies prevalence was found high and showed varying among study regions. Therefore, focusing on mass dog vaccination campaigns and public awareness should be implemented to control the disease.
Keywords
Dog bite, Ethiopia, Meta-analysis, Rabies
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at One Health Outlook.
Version 1
Posted 23 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 16 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 08 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 20 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 15 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 Jan, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 20 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 19 Jan, 2021
Editor invited
On 19 Jan, 2021
First submitted
On 18 Jan, 2021
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Subject Areas
Veterinary Epidemiology
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A new preprint design is coming!
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See the published version of this preprint at One Health Outlook.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at One Health Outlook.
Version 1
Posted 23 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 16 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 08 Mar, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 08 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 24 Feb, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 20 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 15 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 Jan, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 20 Jan, 2021
Editor assigned
On 19 Jan, 2021
Editor invited
On 19 Jan, 2021
First submitted
On 18 Jan, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Veterinary Epidemiology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at One Health Outlook.
Background: Rabies is a lethal zoonotic viral disease mostly transmitted by dog-bite. Ethiopia accommodates the second largest number of human rabies deaths in Africa. The total number of animal rabies cases in Ethiopia is not known. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize and pool estimates of dog-mediated rabies' status in Ethiopia.
Methods: Published researches between the years 2010 to 2020 were comprehensively searched and the required information was extracted. The prevalence was estimated using the random-effects meta-analysis because higher heterogeneity between studies was expected.
Results: The pooled estimate of rabies was 32% (95% CI: 19% - 46%), with individual study prevalence estimates ranged from 1% - 78%. Studies were approximately weighted equally with individual weight ranging from 5.19% - 5.28%. Subgroup analysis indicated that the random pooled prevalence of rabies based upon hosts affected was 28% (95% CI: 0% – 81%) in animals and 33% (95% CI: 20% - 47%) in humans. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis across regions indicated that the pooled prevalence in Amhara and Tigray regional states was 5% (CI: 3% - 8%) and 55% (CI: 21% - 86%), respectively. No single study was reported from the country's Eastern and Southern parts which might be due to the religious aspect that most Muslims do not keep dogs in this region. Thus, the regional differences in data availability may have led to an overestimation of some regions' estimates.
Conclusion: The estimated pooled rabies prevalence was found high and showed varying among study regions. Therefore, focusing on mass dog vaccination campaigns and public awareness should be implemented to control the disease.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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