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Bie Tan
Hunan Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0138-1530
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Background: Weaning-stress may cause reduced energy intake for maintenance of mucosal structure. Glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (Asp) are major energy sources for small intestine. This study investigated whether Gln, Glu, and Asp improve the intestinal morphology via regulating the energy metabolism in weaning-piglet. A total of 198 weaned-piglets were assigned to the following treatments: Control (Basal diet + 1.59% L-Alanine); T1 (Basal diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp); T2 (Low energy diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp). Jejunum and ileum were obtained on d-5 or d-21 post-weaning.
Results: Improved growth performance on d-21 post-weaning were observed in T1 treatment. Both T1 and T2 treatments improved small intestinal morphology by increasing villus height, goblet cell number and decreasing crypt depth on d 5 or d-21 post-weaning. Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the small intestinal energy homeostasis via replenishing the Krebs’ cycle and down-regulate the AMPK pathway. However, when piglets fed by a low energy diet, Gln, Glu, and Asp are not sufficient to maintain the intestinal energy balance on d-5 post-weaning so that the AMPK, beta-oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis are activated to meet the high energy demand of enterocytes.
Conclusion: These data indicated that Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the energy homeostasis of intestinal mucosa of piglets. And the mucosal energy metabolism showed different responses to the intervention of Gln, Glu, and Asp in piglets with a low energy diet between d5 and d21 post-weaning. These findings provide new information on the nutritional intervention for the insufficient energy intake in weaning-piglet.
Keywords
glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, small intestine, energy metabolism
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A new preprint design is coming!
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research
Bie Tan
Hunan Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0138-1530
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 20 Jan, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Weaning-stress may cause reduced energy intake for maintenance of mucosal structure. Glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (Asp) are major energy sources for small intestine. This study investigated whether Gln, Glu, and Asp improve the intestinal morphology via regulating the energy metabolism in weaning-piglet. A total of 198 weaned-piglets were assigned to the following treatments: Control (Basal diet + 1.59% L-Alanine); T1 (Basal diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp); T2 (Low energy diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp). Jejunum and ileum were obtained on d-5 or d-21 post-weaning.
Results: Improved growth performance on d-21 post-weaning were observed in T1 treatment. Both T1 and T2 treatments improved small intestinal morphology by increasing villus height, goblet cell number and decreasing crypt depth on d 5 or d-21 post-weaning. Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the small intestinal energy homeostasis via replenishing the Krebs’ cycle and down-regulate the AMPK pathway. However, when piglets fed by a low energy diet, Gln, Glu, and Asp are not sufficient to maintain the intestinal energy balance on d-5 post-weaning so that the AMPK, beta-oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis are activated to meet the high energy demand of enterocytes.
Conclusion: These data indicated that Gln, Glu, and Asp could restore the energy homeostasis of intestinal mucosa of piglets. And the mucosal energy metabolism showed different responses to the intervention of Gln, Glu, and Asp in piglets with a low energy diet between d5 and d21 post-weaning. These findings provide new information on the nutritional intervention for the insufficient energy intake in weaning-piglet.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
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