Ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCS) have been recognized as a hot research hotspot as a local wear-resistant material for vital parts of mechanical equipment. Fe60 matrix and NbC particle (NbCp) reinforced Fe60 composites(NbCp/Fe60) were produced through vacuum sintering and tested on an MLD-10B Impact Wear Rig. As revealed by the results, NbCp played the role of fine grain strengthening. Under the mass fraction of 7% and at the sintering temperature of 1175℃, NbCp/Fe60 composite was found with uniform microstructure, superior hardness and relative density. The impact abrasive wear performance was higher than Fe60. NbCp/Fe60 composite with 7%NbC exhibited the optimal impact abrasive wear performance. Under the mass fraction of 8%, the composite begin to aggregate and the performance was significantly reduced. The impact abrasive wear mechanisms of NbCp/Fe60 composites primarily consisted of micro-cutting or micro-ploughing, impact plastic deformation and fatigue spalling.