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Background Understanding of the relationship between multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and mental health is limited. With growing prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, addressing mental ill-health has potential to improve treatment outcomes and well-being. In several low and middle-income contexts hospitalisation during treatment is common. Understanding of the impact on mental ill-health is required to inform interventions for patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Our aim was to identify the prevalence of comorbid depression among in-patients being treated for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and to explore their experiences of comorbid disease and the care they received in a large specialist chest hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional survey among 150 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in-patients (new cases = 34%, previously treated = 66%) in 2018. A psychiatrist assessed depression was assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression (SCID DSM-IV). We used multi-level modelling to identify associations with depression. Experience Bangladeshi researchers conducted qualitative interviews with 8 patients, 4 carers, 4 health professionals and reflective notes recorded. Qualitative data was analysed thematically.
Results We found 33.8% (95% CI 26.7%; 41.7%) of patients were depressed. While more women were depressed 39.3% (95% CI 27.6%; 52.4%) than men 30.4% (95% CI 22%; 40.5%) this was not significant. After controlling for key variables only having one or more co-morbidity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.88 [95% CI 1.13; 7.33]) and being a new rather than previously treated case (AOR = 2.33 [95% CI 1.06; 5.14]) were associated (positively) with depression. Qualitative data highlighted the isolation and despair felt by patients who described a service predominantly focused on providing medicines. Individual, familial, societal and health-care factors influenced resilience, nuanced by gender, socio-economic status and home location.
Conclusions Patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis are at high risk of depression, particularly those with co- and multi-morbidities. Screening for depression and psycho-social support should be integrated within routine TB services and provided throughout treatment.
Keywords
Tuberculosis (TB), multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB), depression, mental health, co-morbidities, Bangladesh, low and middle income countries (LMIC)
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
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Posted 25 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 23 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 18 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 12 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 11 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 11 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 29 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 09 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Feb, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jan, 2020
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Public Health.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
Version 2
Posted 25 May, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 23 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 18 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 18 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 12 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 11 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 11 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 29 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 09 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Feb, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 16 Feb, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jan, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
Background Understanding of the relationship between multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and mental health is limited. With growing prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, addressing mental ill-health has potential to improve treatment outcomes and well-being. In several low and middle-income contexts hospitalisation during treatment is common. Understanding of the impact on mental ill-health is required to inform interventions for patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Our aim was to identify the prevalence of comorbid depression among in-patients being treated for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and to explore their experiences of comorbid disease and the care they received in a large specialist chest hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional survey among 150 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in-patients (new cases = 34%, previously treated = 66%) in 2018. A psychiatrist assessed depression was assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression (SCID DSM-IV). We used multi-level modelling to identify associations with depression. Experience Bangladeshi researchers conducted qualitative interviews with 8 patients, 4 carers, 4 health professionals and reflective notes recorded. Qualitative data was analysed thematically.
Results We found 33.8% (95% CI 26.7%; 41.7%) of patients were depressed. While more women were depressed 39.3% (95% CI 27.6%; 52.4%) than men 30.4% (95% CI 22%; 40.5%) this was not significant. After controlling for key variables only having one or more co-morbidity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.88 [95% CI 1.13; 7.33]) and being a new rather than previously treated case (AOR = 2.33 [95% CI 1.06; 5.14]) were associated (positively) with depression. Qualitative data highlighted the isolation and despair felt by patients who described a service predominantly focused on providing medicines. Individual, familial, societal and health-care factors influenced resilience, nuanced by gender, socio-economic status and home location.
Conclusions Patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis are at high risk of depression, particularly those with co- and multi-morbidities. Screening for depression and psycho-social support should be integrated within routine TB services and provided throughout treatment.
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