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Research article
Sawitri Assanangkornchai
Prince of Songkla University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-3287
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Previous evidence indicates significant associations between depressive disorders and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between major depressive episode (MDE) and AUD across various socio-economic groups.
Methods: We analysed data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged >20 years from the general population. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to classify respondents into non-problem drinking (score 0-7), hazardous drinking (score 8-15), and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16-40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multinomial logistic regression to determine the strength of associations between MDE as a predictor and AUD as an outcome variable across different socio-economic levels.
Results: The prevalence of MDE, hazardous, and harmful-dependent drinking was 2.5%, 10.3%, and 1.9%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by wealth index, education level and area of residence. AORs for the association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking were high among those in the highest (AOR=8.68, 95% CI: 5.34, 14.11) and lowest (AOR=7.14, 95% CI: 3.71, 13.73) levels of wealth index but not significant among those in the middle level (AOR=1.78, 95% CI: 0.74, 4.25). Education had the strongest effect on the relationship between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking (AOR=16.0, 95% CI: 10.30, 24.90 among those completing secondary school or higher and AOR=1.44, 95% CI: 0.63, 3.33 among those completing primary school only). The association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking was higher among people who lived in urban areas (AOR=8.50, 95% CI: 5.50, 13.13) compared to those living in rural areas (AOR=4.73, 95% CI: 3.31, 6.77).
Conclusion: Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder among Thai people.
Keywords
Alcohol use disorder, depressive disorders, socio-economic status, wealth index, national survey
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Psychiatry.
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Submission checks complete
On 21 Nov, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 15 Nov, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 10 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Oct, 2020
Version 3
Posted 03 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 12 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 04 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 04 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 08 Jul, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 30 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 27 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 25 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 04 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 11 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 03 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 30 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 29 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Jan, 2020
First submitted
On 28 Jan, 2020
Metrics
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Subject Areas
Psychiatry
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Psychiatry.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Sawitri Assanangkornchai
Prince of Songkla University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-3287
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Psychiatry.
No community comments so far
Submission checks complete
On 21 Nov, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 15 Nov, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 10 Nov, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Oct, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Oct, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Oct, 2020
Version 3
Posted 03 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 14 Oct, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Sep, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 12 Aug, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 04 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 04 Aug, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 04 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 29 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 28 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 28 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 08 Jul, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 07 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 30 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 27 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 25 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 25 Jun, 2020
Editor assigned
On 24 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 23 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 04 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 11 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 17 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 03 Feb, 2020
Editor assigned
On 30 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 29 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 29 Jan, 2020
First submitted
On 28 Jan, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Psychiatry
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Psychiatry.
Background: Previous evidence indicates significant associations between depressive disorders and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between major depressive episode (MDE) and AUD across various socio-economic groups.
Methods: We analysed data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged >20 years from the general population. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to classify respondents into non-problem drinking (score 0-7), hazardous drinking (score 8-15), and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16-40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multinomial logistic regression to determine the strength of associations between MDE as a predictor and AUD as an outcome variable across different socio-economic levels.
Results: The prevalence of MDE, hazardous, and harmful-dependent drinking was 2.5%, 10.3%, and 1.9%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by wealth index, education level and area of residence. AORs for the association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking were high among those in the highest (AOR=8.68, 95% CI: 5.34, 14.11) and lowest (AOR=7.14, 95% CI: 3.71, 13.73) levels of wealth index but not significant among those in the middle level (AOR=1.78, 95% CI: 0.74, 4.25). Education had the strongest effect on the relationship between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking (AOR=16.0, 95% CI: 10.30, 24.90 among those completing secondary school or higher and AOR=1.44, 95% CI: 0.63, 3.33 among those completing primary school only). The association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking was higher among people who lived in urban areas (AOR=8.50, 95% CI: 5.50, 13.13) compared to those living in rural areas (AOR=4.73, 95% CI: 3.31, 6.77).
Conclusion: Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder among Thai people.
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