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Research Article
Jeffrey Youngblood
Purdue University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8720-8642
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
In this work, water-soluble polymers were screened through solution casting and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOX) were found as reinforcement agents for cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) films. Mechanical property increases of 99% in elastic modulus, 93% in the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 134% in the work of failure (WOF) were reported for TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) with 0.44 mmol/g carboxylate groups and 15 wt.% PVA. PEOX had a higher elastic modulus increase of 113%, yet lower UTS and WOF increases were found at 63% and 28%, respectively. Additionally, increases in UTS and elastic modulus were also seen in mechanically fibrillated CNF and TOCNFs with higher carboxylate contents (1.5 mmol/g). The toughening mechanism was attributed to the formation of strong hydrogen bonding between the CNFs and the hydrophilic polymers added. The presence of such mechanisms was indirectly confirmed by tensile testing, zeta potential and rheology.
Keywords
Cellulose Nanofibers, Polyvinyl alcohol, Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), Tensile properties, Composite film
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This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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- MechanicalEnhancementoffilmsSI.docx
SUPPORTING INFORMATION The following files are available free of charge: • Photograph of a cTOCNF+ PVA and cTOCNF+PEOX nanocomposite film (PDF). • Schematic of TOCNF domains (PDF). • Chemical structure for PVA and PEOX (PDF). • Representative plots of c-TOCNF, PVA and PEOX and nanocomposite films (PDF). • TEM pictures of c-TOCNF and h-TOCNF fibrils (PDF). • Optical pictures of mCNF fibrils (PDF). • Tension properties of h-CNF and PVA/PEOX nanocomposites (PDF). • Tension properties of mCNF and PVA/PEOX nanocomposites (PDF). • Photograph of a mCNF + PVA and mCNF+PEOX nanocomposite film (PDF). • Table with mechanical properties for CNFs and PVA/PEOX (PDF). • Schematic of the proposed mechanism for hydrogen bond formation in the composite films (PDF).
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This preprint is under consideration at Cellulose. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Jeffrey Youngblood
Purdue University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8720-8642
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 08 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
First submitted
On 10 Jan, 2021
Subject Areas
Polymer Science
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
In this work, water-soluble polymers were screened through solution casting and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOX) were found as reinforcement agents for cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) films. Mechanical property increases of 99% in elastic modulus, 93% in the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 134% in the work of failure (WOF) were reported for TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) with 0.44 mmol/g carboxylate groups and 15 wt.% PVA. PEOX had a higher elastic modulus increase of 113%, yet lower UTS and WOF increases were found at 63% and 28%, respectively. Additionally, increases in UTS and elastic modulus were also seen in mechanically fibrillated CNF and TOCNFs with higher carboxylate contents (1.5 mmol/g). The toughening mechanism was attributed to the formation of strong hydrogen bonding between the CNFs and the hydrophilic polymers added. The presence of such mechanisms was indirectly confirmed by tensile testing, zeta potential and rheology.
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