Effects of 60 days of 6 degrees head down bed rest on the composition and function of the human gut microbiota

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1727732/v1

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Effects of 60 days of 6 degrees head down bed rest on the composition and function of the human gut microbiota

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1727732/v1

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Spaceflight is rigorous and dangerous environment which can negatively affect astronauts’ health and the entire mission. Recently studies showed that the human gut microbiota were enormously affected by spaceflight. The 60 days of 6 degrees head down bed rest(HDBR) experiment provided us with an opportunity to trace the change of gut microbiota under simulated microgravity. The gut microbiota of volunteers was analyzed and characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. Our results showed that the composition and function of the volunteers’ gut microbiota were markedly affected by 60 days of 6 degrees HDBR. We further confirmed the species and diversity fluctuations. Resistance and virulence genes in the gut microbiota were also affected by 60 days of 6 degrees HDBR, but the species attributions remained stable. The human gut microbiota affected by 60 days of 6 degrees HDBR which was partially consistent with the effect of spaceflight, implying that HDBR can be used as the spaceﬂight simulation model in terms of gut microbiota.

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SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE1.jpg
Fluctuations of relative abundances at the phylum and genus levels by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A Top four phylum abundances in each volunteer’s gut microbiota at six time points. B The fluctuations of top four phylum abundances in gut microbiota at six time points. C Top ten genus abundances in each volunteer’s gut microbiota at six time points. D The fluctuations of top five genus abundances in gut microbiota at six time points.
SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE2.jpg
Fluctuations of relative abundances at the phylum and genus levels by metagenomic sequencing. A Top four phylum abundances in each volunteer’s gut microbiota at three time points. B The fluctuations of top four phylum abundances in gut microbiota at three time points. C Top ten genus abundances in each volunteer’s gut microbiota at three time points. D The fluctuations of top five genus abundances in gut microbiota at three time points.
SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE3.jpg
Relative microbial abundances in the gut microbiota at the class, order, family and species levels at six time points by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Top ten microbial abundances in the gut microbiota at the class (A), order (B), family (C), and species (D) levels.
SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE4.jpg
Relative microbial abundances in the gut microbiota at the class, order, family and species levels at three time points by metagenomic sequencing. Top ten microbial abundances in the gut microbiota at the class (A), order (B), family (C), and species (D) levels.
SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE5.jpg
Relative abundances of markedly affected genes in gut microbiota after the 60 days of 6 degrees HDBR. A Relative abundance of environmental information processing genes in gut microbiota at three time points. B Relative abundance of envelope biogenesis genes in gut microbiota at three time points. C Relative abundance of lycoside hydrolases genes in gut microbiota at three time points. D Relative abundance of glycosyl transferases genes in gut microbiota at three time points.
SUPPLEMENTARYFIGURE6.jpg
Abundance of tetQ and VF0044 in the gut microbiota affected by the 60 days of 6 degrees HDBR. A Comparison of tetQ abundance in B-1 compared with D60 and R+14. B Fluctuation of tetQ abundance in each volunteer’s gut microbiota across three time points. C Comparison of VF0044 abundance in B-1 compared with D60 and R+14. D Fluctuation of VF0044 abundance in each volunteer’s gut microbiota across three time points.
SUPPLEMENTARYTABLE1.xlsx
The basic information of assembly results of all samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

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Effects of 60 days of 6 degrees head down bed rest on the composition and function of the human gut microbiota

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