This research has been approved by the Scientific and Technical Board of the Vietnam National Eye Hospital and the Hanoi Medical University, Vietnam. All patients provided written informed consent, and this study was conducted following the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
We conducted the prospective, interventional, non-control study design.
Inclusion criteria: Patients over 18 with trauma and trauma drop the lens into the vitreous cavity.
Exclusion criteria: Patients are old and weak, have systemic diseases, and cannot afford surgical treatment. Patients with preoperative visual acuity are no light perception. Slight lens subluxation is indicated for treatment by other methods. Lens dislocated to the anterior chamber.
Variables: The outcome variable is Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) pre and post operation vitrectomy and phaco fragmentation and/ or other procedure. According to the classification of the International Ophthalmology Association (2002): Count finger (CF) 1m(0,02) > BCVA ≥ Light perception (LP) (+), CF 3m (0,05) > BCVA ≥ CF 1m(0,02), 0.2 > BCVA ≥ CF 3m (0,05), 0.5 > BCVA ≥ 0.2, BCVA ≥ 0.5[4]. At one year, visual acuity was assessed as good when BCVA was 0.2 or higher (Snellen visual acuity).
The influencing factors include WHO age classification (under 40 years old, 40–60 years old, and over 60 years old) [5], gender, time of hospital admission (under 24h, 24h-36h, 36h-72h, and > 72h), IOP (Goldmann tonometer) average value is 12–24 mmHg[6], the degree of cataract according to the classification of Buratto (1998)[7].
Protocol
Record patient data on disease duration, mechanism of injury, accident cause, age, and occupation.
The patient's visual acuity was measured with the best-corrected visual acuity using the Snellen electronic visual acuity board at a distance of 5m. Or counting fingers, hand movement, or light perception.
A drop of Alkain 0.1% anesthetic in each eye (Alcon), stain with Fluorescein to measure intraocular pressure. Goldmann tonometer, BQ-900 model (Haag-Streit; Bern Switzerland) to obtain intraocular pressure readings from each eye at admission.
The patient underwent vitrectomy combined with phaco fragmentation using the ACCURUS® Surgical System 800CS vitrectomy machine (Alcon, USA). Combined surgeries include IOL fixation to the sclera (SF-IOL), cryotherapy + pneumatic retinopexy, laser coagulation + pneumatic retinopexy, iris dialysis repair, cryotherapy + scleral buckle, and trabeculectomy. All patients were performed by an experienced doctor at the trauma department, National Eye Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
We monitored the status of visual acuity before and after surgery, intraocular pressure, the position of IOL, postoperative uveitis, and recurrent retinal detachment. Schedule a follow-up appointment after being discharged from the hospital for one week, one month, three months, six months, or 12 months.
Data processing: Data entry was completed using EpiData 3.1 software (EpiData, Odense, Denmark). Statistical analysis and data cleaning with STATA 16.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA). Data are presented as mean, standard deviation, absolute value, and percentage. Compare the two proportions by the Chi-square test or the Fisher test. Using logistic regression statistics to evaluate the incidence of lesions with several independent variables in the body and eyes.