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Background: Almost a third of Afghan women living in Iran are at childbearing age. Antenatal care (ANC) is an inextricable part of healthy pregnancy and could prevent the adverse birth outcomes. Almost 97% of Iranian expectant women are receiving adequate ANC (4 or more visits). However, the situation for pregnant Afghan women is unclear. Some studies indicated low access to ANC among Afghan women. In the present study, we aimed to explore the sociodemographic factors and potential barriers associated with adequate ANC among Afghan women in Iran.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between June 2019 and August 2019. Using time location sampling (TLS), we recruited 424 Afghan women aged 18-45 years old at three health centers in south region of Tehran. The data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics and the reported reasons for inadequate ANC using a questionnaire and analyzed applying bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Factor analysis was performed to reduce the number of potential reasons for inadequate ANC in order to improve the precision of regression analysis.
Results: Almost a third of Afghan women in this study had adequate ANC (≥ 8 visits). The women in older age group, those with higher education and family income, women with longer length of stay, those of legal status were more likely to have adequate ANC. In multivariate analysis, the poor knowledge and attitude toward ANC (AOR = 0.06; 95% CI [0.03-0.15]), the poor quality of services (AOR = 0.17 95% CI [0.07-0.41]); and to some extent, the difficulties in access (AOR = 0.33; 95% CI [0.11-1.00]) were the main obstacles toward adequate ANC among the study population.
Conclusion: Our study emphasized the important role of the personal knowledge and attitude toward ANC with adequate antenatal care among Afghan women in Iran. This could be addressed by well-oriented interventions and health education for Afghan women. The collaboration between central government with international agencies should be directed toward enhancing the social support, promoting the awareness and knowledge, and expanding the safety net services to improve the access and quality care among Afghan women in Iran.
Keywords
Antenatal care, access, refugee and immigrant, Afghan women, Iran
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.
Version 3
Posted 27 Jul, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 20 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 14 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 08 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 07 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 06 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 06 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 01 Jul, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 01 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 22 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 10 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 09 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 05 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 20 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 18 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 15 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 31 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 31 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.
Version 3
Posted 27 Jul, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 20 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 14 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 08 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 07 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 06 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 06 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 03 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 01 Jul, 2020
Review #3 received
Received 01 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 22 Jun, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 10 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 09 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 05 Jun, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 31 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 May, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 20 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 18 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 15 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 14 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 12 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 03 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 31 Mar, 2020
Editor invited
On 31 Mar, 2020
First submitted
On 16 Mar, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.
Background: Almost a third of Afghan women living in Iran are at childbearing age. Antenatal care (ANC) is an inextricable part of healthy pregnancy and could prevent the adverse birth outcomes. Almost 97% of Iranian expectant women are receiving adequate ANC (4 or more visits). However, the situation for pregnant Afghan women is unclear. Some studies indicated low access to ANC among Afghan women. In the present study, we aimed to explore the sociodemographic factors and potential barriers associated with adequate ANC among Afghan women in Iran.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between June 2019 and August 2019. Using time location sampling (TLS), we recruited 424 Afghan women aged 18-45 years old at three health centers in south region of Tehran. The data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics and the reported reasons for inadequate ANC using a questionnaire and analyzed applying bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Factor analysis was performed to reduce the number of potential reasons for inadequate ANC in order to improve the precision of regression analysis.
Results: Almost a third of Afghan women in this study had adequate ANC (≥ 8 visits). The women in older age group, those with higher education and family income, women with longer length of stay, those of legal status were more likely to have adequate ANC. In multivariate analysis, the poor knowledge and attitude toward ANC (AOR = 0.06; 95% CI [0.03-0.15]), the poor quality of services (AOR = 0.17 95% CI [0.07-0.41]); and to some extent, the difficulties in access (AOR = 0.33; 95% CI [0.11-1.00]) were the main obstacles toward adequate ANC among the study population.
Conclusion: Our study emphasized the important role of the personal knowledge and attitude toward ANC with adequate antenatal care among Afghan women in Iran. This could be addressed by well-oriented interventions and health education for Afghan women. The collaboration between central government with international agencies should be directed toward enhancing the social support, promoting the awareness and knowledge, and expanding the safety net services to improve the access and quality care among Afghan women in Iran.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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