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Research Article
Robert W. Li
"USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center"
Corresponding Author
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: The small intestine, while serving as the main absorption organ, also possesses a unique bacterial environment and holds the critical function of conversion of primary bile acids. Bile acids are, in turn, able to regulate bacterial composition and promote the growth of bacteria that convert primary bile acids to secondary bile acids. However, in beef cattle, few studies have explored the influence of diets on jejunal bacterial communities and examined its relationships with bile acids. Here, we examined the impact of grain- and grass-based diets on jejunal and fecal bacterial communities’ composition and investigated possible association of bacterial features with bile acids.
Results: We demonstrated that the influences of diets on intestinal bacteria can be observed in young beef cattle after weaning. A significantly higher level of microbial diversity was documented in feces of grass-fed cattle comparing to grain-fed cattle. Top 20 important genera identified with random forest analysis on fecal bacterial community can be good candidates for microbial biomarkers. Moreover, the jejunal bacteria of adult Angus beef cattle exhibited significant differences in microbial composition and metabolic potential under different diets. Global balances and bacteria signatures predictive of bile acids were identified, indicative of the potential association of bacterial features with bile acids.
Conclusions: The findings from this study provided novel insights into the relationships between jejunal bacteria and bile acids under different diets in Angus beef cattle. Our results should help us gain a better understanding of potential health benefits of grass-fed beef.
Keywords
16S rRNA gene sequencing, Angus beef cattle, Grass-fed beef, Jejunal bacteria, Bacterial signatures, Bile acids
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Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- Table1.xlsx
Table 1 Alpha diversity indices in cattle fecal bacterial communities.
- Table2.xlsx
Table 2 Select significantly different OTUs in jejunal bacterial communities between grain-fed and grass-fed cattle.
- Table3.xlsx
Table 3 Ten bile acids with significant different levels between grass-fed and grain-fed cattle (concentration unit: μmol/ml).
- Table4.xlsx
Table 4 Global balances in jejunal bacterial communities highly predictive for secondary bile acids.
- Additionalfile1.pdf
Additional file 1 as pdf Additional file 1: Figure S1 The relative abundance of fecal bacterial communities at a phylum level. Figure S2 Ordination biplots of principal component analysis (PCA) in fecal bacterial communities. Table S1 Selected OTUs. Figure S3 The relative abundance of jejunal bacteria at a phylum level. Table S2 Alpha diversity indices of bacterial communities in the jejunum. Figure S4 Rarefaction curves of the jejunal bacterial communities. Figure S5 Ordination biplots of PCA on the jejunal bacteria. Table S3 Bile acids in the jejunum, including those without significant differences in concentrations between two dietary groups. Figure S6 The global balances predictive for the levels of secondary bile acids.
- Additionalfile2.xlsx
Additional file 2 as xlsx Additional file 2: OTU table and the family level abundance table for fecal bacterial communities.
- Additionalfile3.xlsx
Additional file 3 as xlsx Additional file 3: Feature tables, including OTU table, family level abundance table, and the differential genera, OTUs, and KEGGs.
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Animal Microbiome.
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On 31 Aug, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 31 Aug, 2020
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On 30 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 30 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 29 Jul, 2020
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 29 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 17 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 17 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 17 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 29 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Apr, 2020
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at Animal Microbiome.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Robert W. Li
"USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center"
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Animal Microbiome.
Version 3
Posted 02 Sep, 2020
No community comments so far
Editor assigned
On 31 Aug, 2020
Editorial decision: Accept
On 31 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 30 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 30 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Review #2 received
Received 29 Jul, 2020
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 29 Jul, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 28 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 22 Jul, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 20 Jul, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 19 Jul, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 17 Jul, 2020
Editor invited
On 17 Jul, 2020
Editor assigned
On 17 Jul, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 29 Apr, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 27 Apr, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 23 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 14 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 13 Apr, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 13 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 06 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 05 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 05 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 02 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at Animal Microbiome.
Background: The small intestine, while serving as the main absorption organ, also possesses a unique bacterial environment and holds the critical function of conversion of primary bile acids. Bile acids are, in turn, able to regulate bacterial composition and promote the growth of bacteria that convert primary bile acids to secondary bile acids. However, in beef cattle, few studies have explored the influence of diets on jejunal bacterial communities and examined its relationships with bile acids. Here, we examined the impact of grain- and grass-based diets on jejunal and fecal bacterial communities’ composition and investigated possible association of bacterial features with bile acids.
Results: We demonstrated that the influences of diets on intestinal bacteria can be observed in young beef cattle after weaning. A significantly higher level of microbial diversity was documented in feces of grass-fed cattle comparing to grain-fed cattle. Top 20 important genera identified with random forest analysis on fecal bacterial community can be good candidates for microbial biomarkers. Moreover, the jejunal bacteria of adult Angus beef cattle exhibited significant differences in microbial composition and metabolic potential under different diets. Global balances and bacteria signatures predictive of bile acids were identified, indicative of the potential association of bacterial features with bile acids.
Conclusions: The findings from this study provided novel insights into the relationships between jejunal bacteria and bile acids under different diets in Angus beef cattle. Our results should help us gain a better understanding of potential health benefits of grass-fed beef.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- Table1.xlsx
Table 1 Alpha diversity indices in cattle fecal bacterial communities.
- Table2.xlsx
Table 2 Select significantly different OTUs in jejunal bacterial communities between grain-fed and grass-fed cattle.
- Table3.xlsx
Table 3 Ten bile acids with significant different levels between grass-fed and grain-fed cattle (concentration unit: μmol/ml).
- Table4.xlsx
Table 4 Global balances in jejunal bacterial communities highly predictive for secondary bile acids.
- Additionalfile1.pdf
Additional file 1 as pdf Additional file 1: Figure S1 The relative abundance of fecal bacterial communities at a phylum level. Figure S2 Ordination biplots of principal component analysis (PCA) in fecal bacterial communities. Table S1 Selected OTUs. Figure S3 The relative abundance of jejunal bacteria at a phylum level. Table S2 Alpha diversity indices of bacterial communities in the jejunum. Figure S4 Rarefaction curves of the jejunal bacterial communities. Figure S5 Ordination biplots of PCA on the jejunal bacteria. Table S3 Bile acids in the jejunum, including those without significant differences in concentrations between two dietary groups. Figure S6 The global balances predictive for the levels of secondary bile acids.
- Additionalfile2.xlsx
Additional file 2 as xlsx Additional file 2: OTU table and the family level abundance table for fecal bacterial communities.
- Additionalfile3.xlsx
Additional file 3 as xlsx Additional file 3: Feature tables, including OTU table, family level abundance table, and the differential genera, OTUs, and KEGGs.
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