This study applies a Quantile-on-Quantile model to investigate the emissions-economic growth relationship. Data from ten Asian countries for period of 1969–2019 is used. Both real GDP per capita and CO2 emissions data are used in this study. Empirical results from our Quantile-on-Quantile model show that the relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP varies across quantiles. Our findings indicate that most countries face a transformation of energy consumption structure, except for Japan and Singapore. Our results have important policy implications for the study countries.