1. Phlilp E. Cryer. Hypoglycemia. in: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, et al. eds.
Williams Textbook of Endocrinology,12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011:1552-1577.
2.Holstein A, Egberts EH. Risk of hypoglycaemia with oral antidiabetic agents in patients
with type 2 diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2003;111:405-414.
3. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions
and Complications Study Research Group, Jacobson AM, Musen G. Long-term effect of
diabetes and its treatment on cognitive function. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1842-1852.
4.Feltbower RG, Bodansky HJ, Patterson CC, et al. Acute complications and drug misuse
are important causes of death for children and young adults with type 1 diabetes:
results from the Yorkshire Register of diabetes in children and young adults. Diabetes
Care 2008;31:922-926.
6. Cryer PE. Preventing hypoglycaemia: what is the appropriate glucose alert value?
Diabetologia 2009;52:35-37.
7. Leiter LA, Boras D, Woo VC. Dosing irregularities and self-treated hypoglycemia
in type 2 diabetes: results from the Canadian cohort of an international survey of
patients and healthcare professionals. Can J Diabetes 2014;38:38–44.
8. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type
2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the
American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.
Diabetes Care 2015;38:140–149.
9. Emral R , Pathan F, Cortés CAY , et al. Self-reported hypoglycemia in insulin-treated
patients with diabetes: Results from an international survey on 7289 patients from
nine countries. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017;134:17-28
10. Elliott L, Fidler C, Ditchfield A, et al. Hypoglycemia event rates: a comparison
between real-world data and randomized controlled trial populations in insulin-treated
diabetes. Diabetes Ther 2016;7:45–60.
11. Geller AI, Shehab N, Lovegrove MC, et al. National estimates of insulin-related
hypoglycemia and errors leading to emergency department visits and hospitalizations.
JAMA Intern Med 2014; 174: 678–686.
12. Bonds DE, Miller ME, Bergenstal RM, et al. The association between symptomatic,
severe hypoglycaemia and mortality in type 2 diabetes: retrospective epidemiological
analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ. 2010; 340:b4909.
13. Zoungas S, Patel A, Chalmers J, et al. ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Severe hypoglycemia
and risks of vascular events and death. N Engl J Med 2010; 363:1410–1418.
14.Duckworth WC, Abraira C, Moritz TE, et al. Investigators of the VADT. The duration
of diabetes affects the response to intensive glucose control in type 2 subjects:
the VA Diabetes Trial. J Diabetes Complications 2011; 25:355–361.
15.Huang ES, Laiteerapong N, Liu JY, et al . Rates of complications and mortality
in older patients with diabetes mellitus: the diabetes and aging study. JAMA Intern
Med 2014; 174:251–258. 16.Vijan S, Sussman JB, Yudkin JS, et al. Effect of patients’
risks and preferences on health gains with plasma glucose level lowering in type 2
diabetes mellitus. JAMA Intern Med 2014; 174:1227–1234.
17.Ikeda Y, Kubo T, Oda E, et al. Incidence rate and patient characteristics of severe
hypoglycemia in treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in japan: Retrospective
Diagnosis Procedure Combination analysis. J Diabetes Investig. 2018; 9:925-936
18. AGS Choosing Wisely Workgroup. American Geriatrics Society identifies another
five things that healthcare providers and patients should question. J Am Geriatr Soc
2014; 62:950–960.
19. Kirkman MS, Briscoe VJ, Clark N, et al. Consensus Development Conference on Diabetes
and Older Adults. Diabetes in older adults: a consensus report. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012;
60:2342–2356.
20. Miller ME, Bonds DE, Gerstein HC, et al. The effects of baseline characteristics,
glycaemia treatment approach, and glycated haemoglobin concentration on the risk of
severe hypoglycaemia: post hoc epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010;340:b5444.
21. Dornhorst A, Luddeke HJ, Sreenan S, et al. Safety and efficacy of insulin detemir
in clinical practice: 14-week follow-up data from type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients
in the PREDICTIVE European cohort. Int J Clin Pract 2007;61:523–528.
22. Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, et al. Glucose control and vascular complications
in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009;360:129–139.
23. de Galan BE, Zoungas S, Chalmers J, et al. ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Cognitive
function and risks of cardiovascular disease and hypoglycaemia in patients with type
2 diabetes: the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified
Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. Diabetologia 2009;52:2328-2336.
24. Cox DJ, Kovatchev B, Koev D, et al. Hypoglycemia anticipation, awareness and treatment
training (HAATT) reduces occurrence of severe hypoglycemia among adults with type
1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Behav Med 2004;11: 212-218.
25. Punthakee Z, Miller ME, Launer LJ, et al. Poor cognitive function and risk of
severe hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes: post hoc epidemiologic analysis of the ACCORD
trial. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 787–793.
26. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group, Nathan DM, Genuth S, Lachin J, et al. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression
of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977–986.
27. Lipska KJ, Warton EM, Huang ES, et al. HbA1c and risk of severe hypoglycemia in
type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes and Aging Study. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3535–3542.
28. Emral R, Pathan F, Cortés CAY, et al. Self-reported hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients with diabetes: Results
from an international survey on 7289 patients from nine countries. Diabetes Res Clin
Pract. 2017; 134:17-28.
29.Yun JS, Ko SH, Ko SH, et al. Presence of macroalbuminuria predicts severe hypoglycemia
in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 10-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:
1283–1289.
30.Cryer PE, Davis SN, Shamoon H. Hypoglycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003;26:
1902-1912.
31.Rossetti P, Porcellati F, Bolli GB, et al. Prevention of hypoglycemia while achieving
good glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: the role of insulin analogs. Diabetes Care
2008;31:S113-S120.
32.Allen C, LeCaire T, Palta M, et al. Risk factors for frequent and severe hypoglycemia
in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1878-1881.
33.Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick L, Ritterband L, et al. Prediction of severe hypoglycemia.
Diabetes Care 2007;30:1370-1373.