Alves CC, Waitzberg DL, de Andrade LS, Dos Santos Aguiar L, Reis MB, Guanabara CC, Júnior OA, Ribeiro DA, Sala P (2017) Prebiotic and Synbiotic Modifications of Beta Oxidation and Lipogenic Gene Expression after Experimental Hypercholesterolemia in Rat Liver. Front Microbiol 8 :2010. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02010
Bibbò S, Ianiro G, Dore MP, Simonelli C, Newton EE, Cammarota G2 (2018) Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2018:9321643. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9321643
Borrelli A, Bonelli P, Tuccillo FM, Goldfine ID, Evans JL, Buonaguro FM, Mancini A (2018) Role of gut microbiota and oxidative stress in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocarcinoma: Current and innovative therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 15:467-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2018.01.009
Blasetti Fantauzzi C, Menini S, Iacobini C, Chiara Rossi, Eleonora Santini, Anna Solini (2017) Deficiency of the Purinergic Receptor 2X(7) Attenuates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat Diet: Possible Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017:8962458. https://dx.doi.org/10.1155%2F2017%2F8962458
Chacko KR, Reinus J (2016) Extrahepatic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Liver Dis 20:387-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.004
Derosa G, Sahebkar A, Maffioli P (2017) The role of various peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their ligands in clinical practice. J Cell Physiol 233:153-161. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25804
Ferolla SM, Armiliato GN, Couto CA, Ferrari TC (2015) Probiotics as a complementary therapeutic approach in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 7:559-565. https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v7.i3.559
Hashimoto E, Tokushige K (2011) Prevalence, gender, ethnic variations, and prognosis of NASH. J Gastroenterol 46 Suppl 1:63-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-010-0311-8
Hardie DG, Ross FA, Hawley SA (2012) AMP-activated protein kinase: a target for drugs both ancient and modern. Chem Biol 19:1222-1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.08.019
Ip E, Farrell GC, Robertson G, Hall P, Kirsch R, Leclercq I (2003) Central role of PPARalpha-dependent hepatic lipid turnover in dietary steatohepatitis in mice. Hepatology 38:123-132. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2003.50307
Kim DH, Jeong D, Kang IB, Kim H, Song KY, Seo KH (2017) Dual function of Lactobacillus kefiri DH5 in preventing high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity: direct reduction of cholesterol and upregulation of PPAR‐α in adipose tissue. Mol Nutr Food Res 61:1700252. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201700252
Kobyliak N, Abenavoli L, Mykhalchyshyn G, Kononenko L, Boccuto L, Kyriienko D, Dynnyk O (2018) A Multi-strain Probiotic Reduces the Fatty Liver Index, Cytokines and Aminotransferase levels in NAFLD Patients: Evidence from a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 27:41. https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.271.kby
Lu Y, Fan C, Li P, Lu Y, Chang X, Qi K (2016) Short Chain Fatty Acids Prevent High-fat-diet-induced Obesity in Mice by Regulating G Protein-coupled Receptors and Gut Microbiota. Sci Rep 6:37589. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37589
Li Y, Xu S, Hou X, Jiang B, Luo Z, Cohen RA (2011) AMPK Phosphorylates and Inhibits SREBP Activity to Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis and Atherosclerosis in Diet-induced Insulin Resistant Mice. Cell Metab 13:376-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2011.03.009
Malaguarnera M, Vacante M, Antic T, Giordano M, Chisari G, Acquaviva R, Mastrojeni S, Malaguarnera G, Mistretta A, Li Volti G, Galvano F (2012) Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharides in Patients with Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 57:545-553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1887-4
Musso G, Gambino R, Cassader M (2010) Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease from pathogenesis to management: an update. Obes Rev 11:430-445. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00657.x
Mei L, Tang Y, Li M, Yang P, Liu Z, Yuan J, Zheng P (2015) Co-Administration of Cholesterol-Lowering Probiotics and Anthraquinone from Cassia obtusifolia L. Ameliorate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. PLoS One 10:e0138078. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138078
Mridha AR, Haczeyni F, Yeh MM, Haigh WG, Ioannou GN, Barn V, Ajamieh H, Adams L, Hamdorf JM, Teoh NC, Farrell GC (2017) TLR9 is upregulated in human and murine NASH: pivotal role for inflammatory recruitment and cell survival. Clin Sci (Lond) 131:2145-2159. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20160838
Mridha AR, Van Rooyen DM, Haczeyni F, Teoh NC (2017) NLRP3 inflammasome blockade reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis in experimental NASH in mice. J Hepatol 66:1037-1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2017.01.022
Nobili V, Putignani L, Mosca A, Chierico FD, Vernocchi P, Alisi A, Stronati L, Cucchiara S, Toscano M, Drago L (2018) Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the gut microbiome of children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: which strains act as health players? Arch Med Sci: 14:81-87. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.62150
Ratziu V, Bellentani S, Cortez-Pinto H, Day C, Marchesini G (2010) A position statement on NAFLD/NASH based on the EASL 2009 special conference. J Hepatol 53:372-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.008
Ren T, Huang C, Cheng M (2014) Dietary Blueberry and Bifidobacteria Attenuate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats by Affecting SIRT1-Mediated Signaling Pathway. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2014:469059. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/469059
Ritze Y, Bárdos G, Claus A, Ehrmann V, Bergheim I, Schwiertz A, Bischoff SC (2014) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Plos One 9:e80169. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080169
Shouhed D, Steggerda J, Burch M, Noureddin M3 (2017) The role of bariatric surgery in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 11:797-811. https://doi.org/10.1080/17474124.2017.1355731
Szabo G, Bala S, Petrasek J, Gattu A (2011) Gut-Liver Axis and Sensing Microbes. Dig Dis 28:737-744. https://doi.org/10.1159/000324281
Sun Z, Chen X, Wang J, Gao P, Zhou Z, Ren Y, Sun T, Wang L, Meng H, Chen W, Zhang H (2010) Complete Genome Sequence of Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Strain V9. J Bacteriol 192:4080-4081. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00369-10
Sheng X, Che H, Ji Q, Yang F, Lv J, Wang Y, Xian H, Wang L (2018) The Relationship Between Liver Enzymes and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Horm Metab Res 50:397-402. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0603-7899
Staels B, Koenig W, Habib A, Merval R, Lebret M, Torra IP, Delerive P, Fadel A, Chinetti G, Fruchart JC, Najib J, Maclouf J, Tedgui A (1998) Activation of human aortic smooth-muscle cells is inhibited by PPARα but not by PPARγ activators. Nature 393:790-793. https://doi.org/10.1038/31701
Tanaka N, Aoyama T, Kimura S, Gonzalez FJ (2017) Targeting nuclear receptors for the treatment of fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Ther 179:142-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.011
Takei K, Han SI, Murayama Y, Satoh A, Oikawa F, Ohno H, Osaki Y, Matsuzaka T, Sekiya M, Iwasaki H, Yatoh S (2017) Selective peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α modulator K‐877 efficiently activates the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α pathway and improves lipid metabolism in mice. J Diabetes Investig 8:446-452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12621
Williams CD, Stengel J, Asike MI, Torres DM, Shaw J, Contreras M, Landt CL, Harrison SA (2011) Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis among a largely middle-aged population utilizing ultrasound and liver biopsy: a prospective study. Gastroenterology 140:124-131. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.09.038
Wang HK, Ng YK, Koh E, Yao L, Chien AS, Lin HX, Lee YK (2015) RNA-Seq reveals transcriptomic interactions of Bacillus subtilis natto and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in whole soybean solid-state co-fermentation. Food Microbiol 51:25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2015.04.012
Xu RY, Wan YP, Fang QY, Lu W, Cai W (2012) Supplementation with probiotics modifies gut flora and attenuates liver fat accumulation in rat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model. J Clin Biochem Nutr 50:72-77. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.11-38
Xiao J, Liu Y, Xing F, Leung TM, Liong EC, Tipoe GL (2016) Bee's honey attenuates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-induced hepatic injury through the regulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Eur J Nutr 55:1465-77.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0964-4
Ye D, Li FY, Lam KS, Li H, Jia W, Wang Y, Man K, Lo CM, Li X, Xu A (2012) Toll-like receptor-4 mediates obesity-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through activation of X-box binding protein-1 in mice. Gut 61:1058. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300269
Zhao Z, Wang C, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Duan C, Zhang X, Gao L, Li S (2019) Lactobacillus plantarum NA136 improves the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019 May 21.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09703-4