Language of Publication
Table 1
Languages used in FAW-related publications.
Rank
|
Language
|
Record Count
|
% of publications
|
1
|
English
|
2619
|
95,098
|
2
|
Portuguese
|
81
|
2,941
|
3
|
Spanish
|
51
|
1,852
|
4
|
French
|
2
|
0,073
|
5
|
Japanese
|
1
|
0,036
|
A total of 2754 publications were retrieved from the Web of Science database, and they were published using 4 different languages. Most of the FAW-related research articles were published in English (2619 publications). Portuguese and Spanish were also significantly used in FAW-related research with 81 and 51 documents, respectively. French and Japanese were not used much in FAW-related research documents. Table 1 below shows the different languages used in FAW-related publications.
Document Type
Table 2
Document type of FAW-related publications.
Rank
|
Document Type
|
Record Count
|
Percentage (%)
|
1
|
Articles
|
2575
|
93,500
|
2
|
Review Articles
|
90
|
3,268
|
3
|
Proceedings Papers
|
63
|
2,288
|
4
|
Early Access
|
47
|
1,707
|
5
|
Book Chapters
|
27
|
0,980
|
6
|
Editorials Materials
|
25
|
0,908
|
7
|
Meeting Abstracts
|
16
|
0,581
|
8
|
Notes
|
10
|
0,363
|
9
|
Corrections
|
6
|
0,218
|
10
|
Letters
|
4
|
0,145
|
11
|
Biographical Items
|
1
|
0,036
|
12
|
Items About an Individual
|
1
|
0,036
|
13
|
Retracted Publications
|
1
|
0,036
|
A lot of research work done on FAW was published as research articles and this is proven by the 2575 articles that were retrieved from WoS. Review Articles and Proceedings Papers also had a significant number of publications under their categories as we retrieved 90 Review articles and 63 Proceedings Papers. Table 2 shows the type of FAW-related documents. “Biographical İtems”, “İtems about an İndividual” and “Retracted Publications” document types had the least number of publications as 1 publication per document type was retrieved from WoS. These results show that researchers still prefer to publish their work as research Articles.
Yearly Publications
In this study, we evaluated publications from the year 1980 to present, 2022. Figure 1 shows yearly publications of FAW-related research work since 1980. For the year 1980, 20 publications were retrieved from WoS. The publication output did not change that much for a period of 10 years and a significant change was observed in 1991. İn 1991, over 50 FAW-related work was published for the first time in the history of FAW-related research. For a period of 20 years, FAW-related work fluctuated and the changes in the number of yearly publications were not that much. From the year 2010, yearly published FAW-related work started to increase and in 2021, the highest number of publications (320 publications) was recorded for FAW-related publications. İn the past 10 years, we have seen a significant increase in the number of FAW-related publications. In 2022, 159 publications were retrieved in the first 6 months of the year. This shows that the number of FAW-related publications is increasing and that might be because of the recent outbreaks in Africa, India, and China (Ganiger et al., 2018; Nayyar et al., 2021; Firake and Behere, 2020; CABI, 2020; Gui et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2019). FAW has been already reported in 19 Asian countries and that will increase the number of FAW-related publications because many researchers are going to engage in FAW-related research (Montezan et al., 2018; CABI, 2020).
WoS Categories
FAW-related publications were grouped into 95 WoS categories. The top 20 categories are displayed in Figure 2. FAW is an invasive insect and as expected, the Entomology category had a lot of publications (1600) than any other category (Wyckhuys and O’Neil, 2006). Agronomy, Biochemistry Molecular Biology, and Agriculture Multidisciplinary also had many publications with 348, 264, and 173 publications, respectively. FAW most of the time affects field crops and field crops fall under agronomy, that is why agronomy is number 2 in terms of the number of publications per category (Wyckhuys and O’Neil, 2006; Montezano et al., 2018; CABI, 2020). Chemistry, Toxicology, and Horticulture categories had a smaller number of publications. As stated earlier; FAW affects mostly field crops and only affect selected horticultural crops and as a result, horticulture had fewer publications related to FAW.
Research Areas
Table 3
Rank
|
Research Areas
|
Record Count
|
1
|
Entomology
|
1589
|
2
|
Agriculture
|
511
|
3
|
Biochemistry Molecular Biology
|
271
|
4
|
Environmental Sciences Ecology
|
201
|
5
|
Plant Sciences
|
165
|
6
|
Science Technology Other Topics
|
138
|
7
|
Biotechnology Applied Microbiology
|
116
|
8
|
Physiology
|
98
|
9
|
Zoology
|
96
|
10
|
Chemistry
|
69
|
11
|
Genetics Heredity
|
52
|
12
|
Life Sciences Biomedicine Other Topics
|
51
|
13
|
Food Science Technology
|
44
|
14
|
Microbiology
|
36
|
15
|
Evolutionary Biology
|
35
|
16
|
Toxicology
|
26
|
17
|
Pharmacology Pharmacy
|
25
|
18
|
Cell Biology
|
20
|
19
|
Virology
|
18
|
20
|
Mycology
|
20
|
According to the data retrieved from WoS, FAW-related publications are classified into 63 different research areas. The top 20 research areas with a lot of publications are shown in Table 3. The entomology research area had 1589 publications and that is because FAW is an insect (Hinds and Dew, 1915; Murúa et al., 2006). An amount of 511 FAW-related publications, were classified under the Agricultural research area. FAW affects agricultural crops and that is why most of the research publications fall under the Agricultural research area (Montezano et al., 2018; CABI, 2020). Biochemistry, molecular biology, environmental science ecology, and plant sciences research areas completed the top 5 with 271, 201, and 165 publications, respectively. It is also worth mentioning that some publications were classified into more than 1 research area because of the similarity of some research areas and the diversity of some publications.
Journal participation in FAW-related publications
Table 4
Core Journals of FAW-related Publications (IF: Impact factor, Q: Quartile).
Rank
|
Journal
|
Record
|
Citations
|
IF
|
Q
|
1
|
Journal of Economic Entomology
|
270
|
6403
|
2,381
|
Q1
|
2
|
Florida Entomologist
|
218
|
3668
|
1,425
|
Q3
|
3
|
Environmental Entomology
|
106
|
1929
|
2,377
|
Q1
|
4
|
Pest Management Science
|
75
|
1311
|
4,845
|
Q1
|
5
|
Journal of Entomological Science
|
75
|
602
|
0,460
|
Q3
|
6
|
Southwestern Entomologist
|
72
|
372
|
0,511
|
Q3
|
7
|
İnsects
|
68
|
487
|
2,662
|
Q1
|
8
|
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
|
58
|
1312
|
2,250
|
Q1
|
9
|
Crop Protection
|
57
|
1638
|
3,030
|
Q1
|
10
|
PLoS ONE
|
55
|
1996
|
3,240
|
Q1
|
11
|
Journal of Chemical Ecology
|
49
|
1543
|
2.626
|
Q1
|
12
|
Neotropical Entomology
|
46
|
575
|
1,434
|
Q2
|
13
|
Annals of the Entomological Society of America
|
43
|
1686
|
2,099
|
Q2
|
14
|
Journal of Pest Science
|
41
|
313
|
5,970
|
Q1
|
15
|
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
|
40
|
1425
|
3,960
|
Q1
|
16
|
Scientific Reports
|
32
|
817
|
4,996
|
Q1
|
17
|
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
|
31
|
636
|
2,800
|
Q2
|
18
|
Biological Control
|
29
|
602
|
3,687
|
Q1
|
19
|
İnternational Journal of Pest Management
|
28
|
418
|
1,880
|
Q2
|
20
|
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
|
27
|
223
|
0,790
|
Q3
|
21
|
İnsect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|
26
|
1063
|
4,350
|
Q1
|
22
|
Journal of Applied Entomology
|
24
|
377
|
2,603
|
Q2
|
23
|
Journal of Insect Science
|
23
|
334
|
1,607
|
Q2
|
24
|
Archives of İnsect Biochemistry and Physiology
|
23
|
484
|
1,698
|
Q2
|
25
|
Journal of İntegrative Agriculture
|
22
|
218
|
2,848
|
Q1
|
The 25 journals with more publications on FAW-related work are shown on Table 4. The Journal of Economic Entomology had the greatest number of publications and citations with 270 publications and 6403 citations, respectively. This journal publishes articles related to economic significance of insects, insecticides, biological control, and more. Many researchers choose this journal because FAW-related work fits well in this journal and this journal is highly ranked. The Florida Entomologist, Environmental Entomology, and Pest Management Science followed with 218, 106, and 75 publications, respectively. It is also worth mentioning that out of the top 25 journals, 14 journals are ranked quartile 1 and that shows that most researchers working on FAW prefer to publish their work on highly ranked journals.
Author Co-authorship analysis
Table 5
Top 10 authors in FAW-related publications.
Rank
|
Author
|
Documents
|
Citations
|
Total link strength
|
1
|
Wiseman BR
|
82
|
999
|
108
|
2
|
Meagher RL
|
80
|
1137
|
90
|
3
|
Williams WP
|
68
|
1236
|
49
|
4
|
Nagoshi RN.
|
63
|
990
|
89
|
5
|
Omoto C
|
50
|
1454
|
126
|
6
|
Davis FM
|
43
|
1146
|
50
|
7
|
Yu SJ
|
42
|
1725
|
17
|
8
|
Huang F
|
38
|
1126
|
103
|
9
|
Isenhour DJ
|
33
|
337
|
47
|
10
|
Carpenter JE
|
32
|
488
|
24
|
An author co-authorship analysis was conducted on VOSviewer and the results showed that a total of 8082 authors contributed to FAW-related publications. Table 5 shows authors with significant contributions to FAW-related publications. Wiseman BR was leading in the publication of FAW-related followed by Meagher RL and Williams WP, they published 82, 80, and 68 documents, respectively. Yu SJ, Omoto C, and Williams WP were leading in terms of citations with 1725, 1454, and 1236 citations, respectively.
Out of the 8082 authors, 321 met the threshold of 5 publications and 5 citations. Out of the 168 authors, only 168 authors were connected to each other. The network analysis of co-authorship is shown in Fig. 3. The size of the circle represents the number of records while the size of the lines represents the strength of connection between the authors. Meagher RL, Omoto C, and Huang F are having bigger circles and that shows that they are connected to many authors. It is also worth noting that authors in the same clusters usually work together or are working under the same institution (Yuan et al., 2021). Authors such as Yang SJ, Huang F, and Head GP closely work together and collaborate in some research works.
Institutions co-authorship network analysis
Table 6
Top institutions in FAW-related publications (TLS: Total Link Strength).
Rank
|
Institutions
|
Country
|
Record
|
Citations
|
TLS
|
1
|
US Department of Agricultural Research Service
|
USA
|
265
|
5929
|
220
|
2
|
Agricultural Research Service
|
USA
|
97
|
2290
|
87
|
3
|
University of Sao Paulo
|
Brazil
|
86
|
1977
|
94
|
4
|
University of Florida
|
USA
|
85
|
1828
|
109
|
5
|
Lousisiana State University
|
USA
|
83
|
1978
|
99
|
6
|
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
|
China
|
94
|
806
|
91
|
7
|
Penn State University
|
USA
|
67
|
1571
|
71
|
8
|
Universidad Federal de Vicosa
|
Brazil
|
64
|
742
|
58
|
9
|
Texas A&M University
|
USA
|
57
|
969
|
83
|
10
|
University of Georgia
|
USA
|
98
|
1998
|
61
|
11
|
National Polytechnic İnstitute of Mexico
|
Mexico
|
39
|
221
|
30
|
12
|
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
|
USA
|
37
|
1038
|
71
|
13
|
Mississippi State University
|
USA
|
36
|
1.002
|
56
|
14
|
Embrapa Maize and Sorghum
|
Brazil
|
33
|
397
|
30
|
15
|
Monsanto Company
|
USA
|
30
|
1.114
|
58
|
16
|
Federal University of Lavras
|
Brazil
|
27
|
230
|
22
|
17
|
University of Tennessee
|
USA
|
26
|
712
|
41
|
18
|
Cornell University
|
USA
|
25
|
809
|
34
|
19
|
University of Neuchatel
|
Switzerland
|
24
|
985
|
32
|
20
|
Nanjing Agricuitural University
|
China
|
24
|
376
|
30
|
Institution co-authorship network analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and documents co-authored by more than 25 institutions were excluded from this analysis. Leading institution in the publication of FAW-related work are shown in Table 6. The US Department of Agricultural Research Service is leading with 267 publications and articles from this institution were cited 5929 times. It is also worth noting that out of the top 20 institutions, 12 of them are from the USA and that might be caused by the fact that FAW has been in America for too long and was first reported there (Hinds and Dew, 1915; Sparks 1979). There were 3 institutions from Brazil in the top 20 and 18 institutions are from South/North America continents and that shows that more work was done on FAW-related research in those continents. |
For the institution co-authorship analysis, a threshold of more than 5 articles and more than 5 citations was used out 1882 institutions, only 208 met the threshold. Out of the 208 institutions that met the threshold, only 203 were connected. A network analysis of the institutions is shown in Fig. 4. US Department of Agricultural Research Service had a heavy inter-institutional connection as seen in Fig. 4. University of Sao Paulo also had a significant connection with other institutions on FAW-related publications. Institutions that closely worked together are shown under the same cluster, Mississippi State University, University of Southampton and University of Georgia might have worked together as they fall under the same cluster.
Countries co-authorship network analysis
Table 7
Countries leading in FAW-related publications (TLS: Total Link Strength).
Rank
|
Country
|
Documents
|
Citations
|
TLS
|
1
|
USA
|
1136
|
27128
|
393
|
2
|
Brazil
|
462
|
6982
|
159
|
3
|
China
|
233
|
2244
|
156
|
4
|
Mexico
|
206
|
3150
|
118
|
5
|
India
|
93
|
1079
|
36
|
6
|
Kenya
|
85
|
1304
|
153
|
7
|
England
|
83
|
2094
|
149
|
8
|
Germany
|
72
|
2330
|
69
|
9
|
France
|
65
|
1370
|
99
|
10
|
Switzerland
|
59
|
1558
|
104
|
11
|
Argentina
|
54
|
992
|
56
|
12
|
Canada
|
49
|
959
|
26
|
13
|
Spain
|
48
|
1153
|
71
|
14
|
Australia
|
43
|
1020
|
63
|
15
|
Colombia
|
41
|
429
|
31
|
16
|
South Africa
|
38
|
394
|
62
|
17
|
Ghana
|
32
|
418
|
43
|
18
|
Benin
|
28
|
798
|
61
|
19
|
Zambia
|
21
|
317
|
43
|
20
|
Netherlands
|
21
|
569
|
39
|
VOSviewer was used to conduct countries co-authorship network analysis and documents co-authored by more than 25 countries from this analysis. VOSviewer reported that 110 countries met that threshold and the top 20 countries with a lot of publications are shown in Table 7. As expected, USA had the greatest number of publications, 1136 publications. Brazil, China, and Mexico followed with 462, 233, and 206 publications, respectively. FAW was first reported in Africa in 2016 and as results African countries such as Kenya, South Africa, Ghana, and Zambia are seen in the top 20 countries contributing to FAW-related publications.
To construct the network analysis map, a second threshold of a minimum of 5 documents per country was added to the search and out of the 110 countries; only 55 countries met the second threshold. USA is having a heavy inter-countries connection followed by Brazil. Most of the countries from the American continent such as USA, Canada, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil are under the same cluster. African countries like Tanzania, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, and Ethiopia are also under the same cluster which means that they might be working together on some research. The network map is shown in Fig. 5.