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Noraini Mohamad
Universiti Sains Malaysia - Kampus Kesihatan
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-3005
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Background: Caesarean birth is associated with higher rate of non-exclusive breastfeeding (NEBF) than vaginal birth. NEBF refers to the provision of food or fluid besides breast milk, excluding drugs and vitamins, to infants before 6 months of age. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with NEBF practice during the first 6 months after an elective caesarean birth.
Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 171 mothers who underwent an elective caesarean birth at two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia. Face-to-face interviews were conducted 2 days after the caesarean birth to obtain information on the variables of interest. Follow-up phone calls were made at 1, 3 and 6 months after birth to determine the prevalence of NEBF. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis.
Results: The prevalence of NEBF was 19.9%, 40.4% and 57.9% at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Factors found to be associated with NEBF practice at 1 month were age of the last child, last child breastfeeding practice, and confidence with adequacy of breast milk. Last child breastfeeding practice was also found to be associated with NEBF practice at 3 months, as well as perception of insufficient of breast milk supply. At 6 months, perception of insufficient breast milk supply remains as one of factors associated with NEBF practice, together with experience of breast pain as baby suckled.
Conclusion: The prevalence of NEBF increased as the child grew older. Perceived breast milk insufficiency was the only factor associated with NEBF at all months.
Keywords
Non-exclusive breastfeeding, caesarean birth, breast milk
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 19 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Aug, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 05 Apr, 2021
Reviews received
Received 03 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 04 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 04 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 04 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 03 Feb, 2021
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Subject Areas
Sexual & Reproductive Medicine
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A new preprint design is coming!
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This preprint is under consideration at International Breastfeeding Journal. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Noraini Mohamad
Universiti Sains Malaysia - Kampus Kesihatan
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-3005
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 19 Feb, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 26 Aug, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 05 Apr, 2021
Reviews received
Received 03 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 03 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 04 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 04 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 04 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 03 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Sexual & Reproductive Medicine
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Caesarean birth is associated with higher rate of non-exclusive breastfeeding (NEBF) than vaginal birth. NEBF refers to the provision of food or fluid besides breast milk, excluding drugs and vitamins, to infants before 6 months of age. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with NEBF practice during the first 6 months after an elective caesarean birth.
Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 171 mothers who underwent an elective caesarean birth at two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia. Face-to-face interviews were conducted 2 days after the caesarean birth to obtain information on the variables of interest. Follow-up phone calls were made at 1, 3 and 6 months after birth to determine the prevalence of NEBF. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis.
Results: The prevalence of NEBF was 19.9%, 40.4% and 57.9% at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Factors found to be associated with NEBF practice at 1 month were age of the last child, last child breastfeeding practice, and confidence with adequacy of breast milk. Last child breastfeeding practice was also found to be associated with NEBF practice at 3 months, as well as perception of insufficient of breast milk supply. At 6 months, perception of insufficient breast milk supply remains as one of factors associated with NEBF practice, together with experience of breast pain as baby suckled.
Conclusion: The prevalence of NEBF increased as the child grew older. Perceived breast milk insufficiency was the only factor associated with NEBF at all months.
Figure 1
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