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Research Article
Yoshitsugu Kobayashi
Hokkaido University
Corresponding Author
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Here we describe a partial hadrosaurid skeleton from the marine Maastrichtian Kita-ama Formation of the Izumi Group in Japan as a new taxon, Yamatosaurus izanagii gen. et sp. nov. Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrates it belongs to the Hadrosauridae, composed of Hadrosaurus foulkii + (Yamatosaurus izanagii + (Saurolophinae + Lambeosaurinae). Yamatosaurus izanagii is unique in having only one functional tooth/row in the middle of the dentary dental battery and complete absence of the branched ridges on the occlusal surfaces. The coracoid lacks a biceps tubercle as in non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroids, suggesting its presence is a key feature for the clade of Saurolophinae and Lambeosaurinae. The evolutionary rate analysis further supports that shoulder and forelimb features, which are likely to be involved in locomotion, are important for the early evolution of Hadrosauridae. Our biogeographic analyses show that the basal Hadrosauridae was widely distributed in Asia and Appalachia, and the clade of Saurolophinae and Lambeosaurinae originated in Asia. The contemporaneous occurrence of basal (Yamatosaurus izanagii) and derived (Kamuysaurus japonicus) hadrosaurids during the Maastrichtian in Japan is the first record in Asia. Because of a long geographical distance between these localities, they may not co-exist but show some level of provinciality.
Keywords
hadrosaurid, skeleton, Maastrichtian Kita-ama Formation, phylogenetic analysis, biogeographic analysis
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No competing interests reported.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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View the published article at Scientific Reports.
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Editorial decision: Major revision
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Received 11 Mar, 2021
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See the published version of this preprint at Scientific Reports.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Yoshitsugu Kobayashi
Hokkaido University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at Scientific Reports.
Version 1
Posted 09 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 22 Mar, 2021
Reviews received
Received 11 Mar, 2021
Reviewers agreed
On 09 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 07 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 07 Mar, 2021
Editor invited
On 04 Mar, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 04 Mar, 2021
First submitted
On 08 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at Scientific Reports.
Here we describe a partial hadrosaurid skeleton from the marine Maastrichtian Kita-ama Formation of the Izumi Group in Japan as a new taxon, Yamatosaurus izanagii gen. et sp. nov. Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrates it belongs to the Hadrosauridae, composed of Hadrosaurus foulkii + (Yamatosaurus izanagii + (Saurolophinae + Lambeosaurinae). Yamatosaurus izanagii is unique in having only one functional tooth/row in the middle of the dentary dental battery and complete absence of the branched ridges on the occlusal surfaces. The coracoid lacks a biceps tubercle as in non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroids, suggesting its presence is a key feature for the clade of Saurolophinae and Lambeosaurinae. The evolutionary rate analysis further supports that shoulder and forelimb features, which are likely to be involved in locomotion, are important for the early evolution of Hadrosauridae. Our biogeographic analyses show that the basal Hadrosauridae was widely distributed in Asia and Appalachia, and the clade of Saurolophinae and Lambeosaurinae originated in Asia. The contemporaneous occurrence of basal (Yamatosaurus izanagii) and derived (Kamuysaurus japonicus) hadrosaurids during the Maastrichtian in Japan is the first record in Asia. Because of a long geographical distance between these localities, they may not co-exist but show some level of provinciality.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
No competing interests reported.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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