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Research Article
Fengmin Zhang
Harbin Medical University
Corresponding Author
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Drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is biggest growing global health concern affecting 10 million people globally with 1.2 million deaths recently. TB is a highly contagious disease predominant infecting lungs. Inappropriate health care management system poor implementation on standard remains some reasons contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, in the present context two types of tuberculosis are identified, in which the mycobacterium is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin called as multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and the other one is known as XDR-TB in which along with isoniazid and rifampin, resistance to at least one fluoroquinolone drug family and any of the second line drugs like amikacin, capreomycin, kanamycin occurs. There is a need of collecting data for frequency of occurrence of these resistant varieties for proper control and management of the disease. Thus, the current study focused on transmission dynamics and status of occurrence of drug resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Pakistani population. The occurrence of TB bacteria in the patients of Pakistani population was tested by all three types of diagnostic methods. Smear sputum test, genetic profiling by GeneXpert test and drug susceptibility test by cultural growth on solid and liquid media was performed. The results showed that smear test of 72.9% patient were tested positive, while MTBC complex was detected in 100% patients with a variable bacterial load. The cultural growth on liquid media 83.2% while 16.8% were contaminated strains. However, in solid media 60.4% population growth was detected with 21.9% contamination. The Pakistani population was resistant against RIF is large majority while XDR and MDR resistance are not quit significant. A large number of antibiotics showed appreciable effectiveness against tuberculosis where amikacin was the most effective with Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Levofloxacin, Streptomycin, Kanamycin and Oxfloxacin being effective in decreasing order.
Keywords
Drug resistant-TB, XDR, MDR, Tuberculosis, Predictors of TB
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No competing interests reported.
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This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Research Article
Fengmin Zhang
Harbin Medical University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
History
CURRENT STATUS: Posted
Version 1
Posted 22 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Health Economics & Outcomes Research
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is biggest growing global health concern affecting 10 million people globally with 1.2 million deaths recently. TB is a highly contagious disease predominant infecting lungs. Inappropriate health care management system poor implementation on standard remains some reasons contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, in the present context two types of tuberculosis are identified, in which the mycobacterium is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin called as multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and the other one is known as XDR-TB in which along with isoniazid and rifampin, resistance to at least one fluoroquinolone drug family and any of the second line drugs like amikacin, capreomycin, kanamycin occurs. There is a need of collecting data for frequency of occurrence of these resistant varieties for proper control and management of the disease. Thus, the current study focused on transmission dynamics and status of occurrence of drug resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Pakistani population. The occurrence of TB bacteria in the patients of Pakistani population was tested by all three types of diagnostic methods. Smear sputum test, genetic profiling by GeneXpert test and drug susceptibility test by cultural growth on solid and liquid media was performed. The results showed that smear test of 72.9% patient were tested positive, while MTBC complex was detected in 100% patients with a variable bacterial load. The cultural growth on liquid media 83.2% while 16.8% were contaminated strains. However, in solid media 60.4% population growth was detected with 21.9% contamination. The Pakistani population was resistant against RIF is large majority while XDR and MDR resistance are not quit significant. A large number of antibiotics showed appreciable effectiveness against tuberculosis where amikacin was the most effective with Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Levofloxacin, Streptomycin, Kanamycin and Oxfloxacin being effective in decreasing order.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
No competing interests reported.
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