See the published version of this article at Parasites & Vectors.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China
Lihua Xiao
South China Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-2727
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Parasites & Vectors.
Background: Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen worldwide. Extensive genetic diversity and complex population structures exist in C. parvum in different geographical regions and hosts. Unlike the IIa subtype family, which is responsible for most zoonotic C. parvum infections in industrialized countries, IId is identified as the dominant subtype family in farm animals, rodents and humans in China. Thus far, the population genetic characteristics of IId subtypes in calves in China are not clear.
Methods: In the present study, 46 C. parvum isolates from dairy and beef cattle in six provinces and regions in China were characterized using sequence analysis of eight genetic loci, including msc6-7, rpgr, msc6-5, dz-hrgp, chom3t, hsp70, mucin1 and gp60. They belonged to three IId subtypes in the gp60 gene, including IIdA20G1 (n = 17), IIdA19G1 (n = 24) and IIdA15G1 (n = 5). The data generated were analyzed for population genetic structures of C. parvum using DnaSP and LIAN and subpopulation structures using STRUCTURE, RAxML, Arlequin, GENALEX and Network.
Results: Seventeen multilocus genotypes were identified. The results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated the presence of an epidemic genetic structure in the C. parvum IId population. When isolates of various geographical areas were treated as individual subpopulations, maximum likelihood inference of phylogeny, pairwise genetic distance analysis, substructure analysis, principal components analysis and network analysis all provided evidence for geographical segregation of subpopulations in Heilongjiang, Hebei and Xinjiang. In contrast, isolates from Guangdong, Shanghai and Jiangsu were genetically similar to each other.
Conclusions: Data from the multilocus analysis have revealed a much higher genetic diversity of C. parvum than gp60 sequence analysis. Despite an epidemic population structure, there is an apparent geographical segregation in C. parvum subpopulations within China.
Keywords
Cryptosporidium parvum, Epidemic, Geographical segregation, Cattle, China
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 4
Posted 13 Aug, 2020
Published
On 18 Aug, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 08 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 07 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 06 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 06 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editor assigned
On 11 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 10 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 10 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 09 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 29 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 27 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 May, 2020
Community comments: 1
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 23 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 08 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 06 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 20 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 20 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 19 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 19 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Parasitology
Learn more about our company.
This preprint is under consideration at Parasites & Vectors. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Population structure and geographical segregation of Cryptosporidium parvum IId subtypes in cattle in China
Lihua Xiao
South China Agricultural University
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-2727
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
Version 4
Posted 13 Aug, 2020
Published
On 18 Aug, 2020
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 08 Aug, 2020
Editor assigned
On 07 Aug, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 06 Aug, 2020
Editor invited
On 06 Aug, 2020
No comments provided
Editor assigned
On 11 Jun, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 10 Jun, 2020
Editor invited
On 10 Jun, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor Revision
On 09 Jun, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 02 Jun, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 29 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 29 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 28 May, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 27 May, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 May, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 25 May, 2020
Editor invited
On 25 May, 2020
Community comments: 1
Editorial decision: Major Revision
On 23 May, 2020
Review #2 received
Received 22 May, 2020
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 08 May, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 06 May, 2020
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Apr, 2020
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 21 Apr, 2020
Editor assigned
On 20 Apr, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 20 Apr, 2020
Editor invited
On 19 Apr, 2020
First submitted
On 19 Apr, 2020
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Parasitology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published version at Parasites & Vectors.
Background: Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen worldwide. Extensive genetic diversity and complex population structures exist in C. parvum in different geographical regions and hosts. Unlike the IIa subtype family, which is responsible for most zoonotic C. parvum infections in industrialized countries, IId is identified as the dominant subtype family in farm animals, rodents and humans in China. Thus far, the population genetic characteristics of IId subtypes in calves in China are not clear.
Methods: In the present study, 46 C. parvum isolates from dairy and beef cattle in six provinces and regions in China were characterized using sequence analysis of eight genetic loci, including msc6-7, rpgr, msc6-5, dz-hrgp, chom3t, hsp70, mucin1 and gp60. They belonged to three IId subtypes in the gp60 gene, including IIdA20G1 (n = 17), IIdA19G1 (n = 24) and IIdA15G1 (n = 5). The data generated were analyzed for population genetic structures of C. parvum using DnaSP and LIAN and subpopulation structures using STRUCTURE, RAxML, Arlequin, GENALEX and Network.
Results: Seventeen multilocus genotypes were identified. The results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated the presence of an epidemic genetic structure in the C. parvum IId population. When isolates of various geographical areas were treated as individual subpopulations, maximum likelihood inference of phylogeny, pairwise genetic distance analysis, substructure analysis, principal components analysis and network analysis all provided evidence for geographical segregation of subpopulations in Heilongjiang, Hebei and Xinjiang. In contrast, isolates from Guangdong, Shanghai and Jiangsu were genetically similar to each other.
Conclusions: Data from the multilocus analysis have revealed a much higher genetic diversity of C. parvum than gp60 sequence analysis. Despite an epidemic population structure, there is an apparent geographical segregation in C. parvum subpopulations within China.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5