Background:Metabolites are small molecules of low molecular weight, generally less than 650 Daltons, derived from metabolic interactions involving hormones, enzymes, and gene expression. Each tissue, due to its unique metabolic characteristics, produces its own metabolites.
Objective: To identify and quantify metabolites expressed during milk synthesis from biopsies of the mammary gland in Holstein cattle producing milk in two productive phases, at the beginning and mid-late period of lactation in Colombia.
Methods:The identification and quantification of metabolites were carried out using the mass spectrometry methodology. The mass spectrometry analysis resulted in 103 metabolites, of these, after the statistical analysis in the comparisons between the metabolite concentrations using the differential calculation of logFoldchange, p-Values and correction by the false discovery rate method FDR to each metabolite with Bioconductor's limma program in R.
Results:There were 9 most significant metabolites with higher concentrations in the mammary glandular tissue in two different phases of production in animals under study. These were four amino acids proline, valine, leucineand methionine, one carbohydrate galactose, one pyrimidine base uracil,the nitrogenous, one diamines putrescine, an amide derived from lactic acid Lactamide and finally the long chain fatty acid long palmitoglycerol.
Conclusion:This study allows to clarify the metabolomic structure in Holstein cattle mammary gland in two different phases of production as a molecular tool to determine the efficiency of mammary glandular tissue in interactions at the cellular level as technical support for the selective and management process.