Family Eriophyidae Nalepa 1898
Subfamily Nothopodinae Keifer 1956
Tribe Colopodacini Mohanasundaram 1984
Genus Solenidiversum gen. nov. Vidović (Figs. 1 & 2)
Type species. Solenidiversum falcatariae sp. nov.
Diagnosis. Body vermiform. Prodorsum: prodorsal shield with lobe; scapular tubercles on rear shield margin; setae sc projecting backward. Legs: all coxal setae present; ventral basifemoral setae (bv) and antaxial genual setae (l") present on both legs; empodium entire; tibiae of legs I and II completely fused with tarsi; solenidion on tarsus I on inner side of tarsus; solenidion on tarsus II in dorsal position. Opisthosoma: opisthosoma evenly round and with annuli subequal dorsoventrally, entirely microtuberculated; all ventral opisthosomal setae present; accessory setae (h1) absent.
Remarks. The new genus is placed in Colopodacini, Nothopodinae, Eriophyidae, Eriophyoidea. There are fifteen genera in Colopodacini. This new genus has the solenidion on the inner side of tarsus I, differentiating it from all other genera of Colopodacini. It is similar to Adenocolus Meyer & Ueckermann, 1997 but can be differentiated by the presence of setae bv on both legs (absent on leg I in Adenocolus) and by the position of the solenidion on tarsus I, which is on the inner side (dorsal position of solenidion on tarsus I in Adenocolus). It is also similar to Setibia Duarte & Navia 2017, differing in the completely fused tibia to the tarsus on both legs (tibia reduced, but distinct in Setibia) and there is no prominent frontal lobe as in Setibia.
Etymology. The genus name Solenidiversum is a combination of Soleni (from the Latin solenidion – optically inactive chemosensory seta) and diversum (from the Latin diversus, meaning opposite). It refers to the opposite positions of the solenidion on the tarsus of leg I (ventral positions) in relation to the positions of the solenidion on the tarsus of leg II (dorsal positions). Gender: neutral
Solenidiversum falcatariae sp. nov. Vidović (Figs. 1 & 2)
Description. FEMALE (n=10). Body vermiform 187 (166–194), 41 (38–45) wide, whitish in color. Gnathosoma 15 (12–16) projecting slightly downwards, chelicerae 9 (8–9), dorsal pedipal genual setae d 3. Prodorsal shield 22 (17–22) including the frontal lobe, 21 (20–22) wide. Triangular with a rounded frontal lobe over the gnathosoma; median and admedian lines complete; I pair of submedian lines present on anterior half, incomplete; II and III pair of submedian lines incomplete, extending from anterior margin and ending ahead of prodorsal shield tubercles; in the lower half of the shield there are numerous dashes between all lines of prodrsal shield; on both lateral margins, of the rear of shield, there are areas with more numerous and densely dashes. Tubercles sc on rear shield margin 12 (11–12) apart, scapular setae sc 24 (22–26). Leg I 24 (19–24); femur 10 (8-10), ventral basifemural setae bv 6 (4–6); genu 4 (3–4), antaxial genual setae l″ 15 (12–16); tibiotarsus 7 (5–8), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ft′ 9 (8– 11), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ft″ 17 (14–18); tarsal solenidion ω 4 (3–4); tarsal empodium 5 (4–6), 6-rayed. Leg II 20 (16–20); femur 9 (7–9), ventral basifemural setae bv 5 (5–7); genu 3 (3–4), antaxial genual setae l″ 6 (5–7); tibiotarsus 6 (5–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ft′′ 4, antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ft″ 16 (14–17); tarsal solenidion ω 7 (6–8); tarsal empodium 4 (4–5), 6–7-rayed. Coxigenital region with 5–6 semiannuli betwen coxae and genitalia. Coxisternal plates granulated; sternal line 6; proximal setae on coxisternum I (1b) 4 (4–5), tubercles 1b 4 apart; anterolateral setae on coxistenum II (1a) 20 (18–23), tubercles 1a 6 (5–6) apart, proximal setae on coxisternum II (2a) 29 (25–32), tubercles 2a 12 (11–13) apart. External genitalia 10 (8–10), 12 (12–14) wide, granulated proximally and with two transverse curved lines distally, setae 3a 5 (5–6), 9 (8–11) apart. Internal genitalia with anterior, transversal apodeme trapezoidal, longitudinal bridge relatively long, spermathecal tubes directed latero-posterad, spermathecae egg-shaped, globose. Opisthosoma with subequal annuli: 55 (53–66) dorsal and 58 (56–68) ventral annuli. Dorsal and ventral opisthosoma with oval, elongated microtubercles close to the rear margins of annuli. Setae c2 14 (13–16), 27 (27–33) apart, on annulus 8 (8–9); setae d 34 (30–38), 24 (21–26) apart, on annulus 20 (18–22); setae e 41 (36–41), 19 (16–20) apart, on annulus 36 (36–42); setae f 16 (14–17), 10 (10–12) apart, on annulus 53 (52–63); seta h2 76 (74–83), 7 (7–8) apart; setae h1 absent.
MALE (n=2). Smaller than females and generally similar to them, 130–150, 35–40 wide. Gnathosoma 10–12 curved down, cheliceral stylets 6–7. Prodorsal shield 17–19, 19–21 wide. Prodorsal shield tubercles on the rear shield margin 12–13 apart, setae sc 12–14, projecting posteriorly. Shield design similar to female. Leg I 16–18; femur 7, setae bv 4; genu 3, setae l″ 9; tibiotarsus 5, setae ft′ 8, setae ft″ 13; solenidion ω 3; empodium em 4, and 6-rayed. Leg II 16; femur 7, setae bv 4; genu 3, genual setae l″ 5; tibiotarsus 4, setae ft′ 3–4, setae ft″ 13; solenidion ω 7; empodium em 4. Coxigenital region with 5–6 semiannuli betwen coxae and genitalia. Coxisternal plates granulated; sternal line 3; setae 1b 3–4, 1b tubercles 3–4 apart; setae 1a 11–12, 1a tubercles 6 apart; setae 2a 19–22, 2a tubercles 13–14 apart. External genitalia 13–14 wide, epiandrum typically ornamented with small granules, setae 3a 3–5, 3a tubercles 10–11 apart. Opisthosoma with subequal annuli: 54–56 dorsal and 54–56 ventral annuli; setae c2 12–13, 37 apart, on annulus 6–7; setae d 21–22, 24– 25 apart, on annulus 15; setae e 24–26, 18 apart, on annulus 30–32; setae f 11–12, 10 apart, on annulus 49–52; setae h2 30–35, 6–7 apart, setae h1 absent.
NYMPH (n=3). Body vermiform, 123–132, 40–43 wide. Gnathosoma 9–12, chelicerae 7–8. Prodorsal shield 17–19, 23 wide, scapular tubercles 15–16 apart, setae sc 9–10. Leg I 12–13, femur 5–6, setae bv 3; genu 2–3, setae l″ 6–8; tibiotarsus 3–4, setae ft′ 3–4, setae ft″ 9–11; solenidion ω 2–3; empodium em 3–4, and 5-rayed. Leg II 11–12; femur 4–5, setae bv 2; genu 2, genual setae l″ 4–6, tibiotarsus 3, setae ft′ 2–3, setae ft″ 10–11; solenidion ω 4–5; empodium em 3–4. Coxigenital region with 5–6 complete annuli, setae 3a 2, tubercles 4–5 apart. Coxisternal plate granulated; setae 1b 2, 1b tubercles 5apart; setae 1a 4–5, 1a tubercles 5–6 apart; setae 2a 8, 2a tubercles 13–14 apart. Opisthosoma with subequal annuli: 40–45 dorsal and 44–50 ventral annuli; setae c2 4-5, 32–33 apart, on annulus 8; setae d 11–13, 22 apart, on annulus 16–17; setae e 7, 12–14 apart, on annulus 27–29; setae f 10, 11–12 apart, on annulus 40–45; setae h2 18–19, 6–7 apart, setae h1 absent.
Type host plant. Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & Grimes (Fabaceae)
Type locality. Papua New Guinea: Fanamafai Village, along Fangaloa Crossing, Kavieng District, New Ireland Province (02o 52’19.21” S; 151o 09’20.37” E; Alt. 267 m.a.s.l.).
Type material. Female holotype (slides 946/5) and paratypes 37 females, 3 males; 10 nymphs; 10 February 2021, collected by Warea Orapa.
Additional material. Papua New Guinea: Kafa Road, South of Pimaga Government Station, Lake Kutubu District, SHP. (06o 31’42.67” S; 143o32’08.88” E; Alt. 933 m.a.s.l) 31 January 2021, 25 slides, collected by Warea Orapa.
Relation to the host. The infestation caused by this mite results in the formation of white erineum on both surfaces of the leaflets, later the erineum darkens (Fig. 3).
Etymology. The species name is based on the host plant’s generic name, Falcataria.
COI sequence. The whole barcode region (658 bp) of mtCOI was generated from three specimens of Solenidiversum falcatariae sp. nov. As all nucleotide sequences were 100% identical, only one of them was submitted to the GenBank database under accession number XXXX. The translation of the nucleotide sequences resulted in 219 amino acid positions. Base pair frequencies show that the region is AT-rich (A: 0.242, C: 0.140, G: 0.147, T: 0.471).
Key to the genera of Colopodacini
1. Prodorsal shield lacking scapular tubercles and setae........... Pseudocolopodacus Kuang, 1997.
– Scapular tubercles and setae present………………………...………………………………....2
2. Empodia divided; shield with three anterior lobes…………….... Dicolopodacus Huang, 2001.
– Empodia entire…………………………………………………………………………….........3
3. Scapular tubercles and setae on rear prodorsal shield margin; antaxial genual setae (l") of leg
II and ventral setae (e) present……………………………………………………………........4
– Scapular tubercles and setae not on rear prodorsal shield margin; antaxial genual setae (l") of
leg II and ventral setae (e) variable ………………………………………………………...….8
4. Tibia completely fused with tarsus………………………………………………………...…...5
– Tibia very small but distinct…………………………………………………………….……...6
5. Basiventral femoral seta (bv) of leg I present; basiventral femoral seta (bv) of leg II absent;
dorsal position of selenidion on both tarsus …......... Adenocolus Meyer & Ueckermann, 1997.
– Basiventral femoral seta (bv) present on both legs; solenidion on tarsus I on inner side of
tarsus, solenidion on tarsus II in dorsal position………………......... Solenidiversum gen. nov.
6. Basiventral femoral seta (bv) absent on both legs …………...…...… Thaicesa (Boczek), 1996.
– Basiventral femoral seta (bv) present on both legs……………………………………….……7
7. Dorsum flat with weak submedian ridges,
dorsal annuli undulated......................................................... Calliparus Li, Wang & Wei, 2010.
– Dorsum entirely microtuberculated……………………… …. Setibia Duarte & Navia, 2017.
8. Scapular tubercles and setae on the lateral side of the prodorsal shield……..............................9
– Scapular tubercles and setae ahead of rear prodorsal shield margin………………………....10
9. Opisthosoma with smooth tergites…………………………………….... Kuangella Wei, 2002.
– Opisthosoma with middorsal ridge…….....Juxtacolopodacus Flechtmann & de Queiroz, 2010.
10. Tibia completely fused with tarsus……………………………………………...…………...11
– Tibia very small but distinct…………………………………………………………….……14
11. Antaxial genual setae (l") of leg II and ventral setae (e) absent……………………………..12
– Antaxial genual setae (l") of leg II and ventral setae (e) present…….……………………….13
12. Dorsum without ridges………………………......... Paracolopodacus Kuang & Huang, 1994.
– Dorsum with median and subdorsal ridges, …...…...… Taicolopodacus Huang & Wang, 2009.
13. Basiventral femoral seta (bv) present on both legs;
dorsum with median ridge……………………………………...… Colopodacus Keifer, 1960.
– Basiventral femoral seta (bv) of leg I absent;
dorsum with narrow median furrow…………………...… Apontella Boczek & Nuzzaci, 1988.
14. Antaxial genual setae (l") of leg II present;
dorsum without ridges………………………………...…… Calareolata Han & Zhang, 2019.
– Antaxial genual setae (l") of leg II absent; dorsum with the ridge
along to the first 4–6 annulli…………………………..… Aricolopodos Duarte & Navia 2017.