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Research Article
Putrakumar Balla
JiangXi University of Science and Technology
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-4595
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Catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was investigated over four different types of mesoporous silica (SBA-15, MCM-48, MCM-41, and KIT-6) supported copper (5 wt.%) catalysts. The Cu was incorporated into mesoporous silica supports by a sequential impregnation method. A detailed investigation of the support structure-activity correlation was done and the performance of the catalysts in LA conversion was studied. Detailed characterisation techniques were used to evaluate the physical and catalytic properties of the studied catalysts. The structure type and physicochemical properties of the silica support had a significant effect on the overall performance of the catalysts. Among them, over Cu/SBA-15 catalyst, a complete levulinic acid (LA) conversion with 98% gamma valerolactone (GVL) selectivity was achieved at 265°C under ambient H2 pressure. The superior performance of Cu/SBA-15 catalyst was due to the high surface acidity, reducibility of Cu oxides species, and highly dispersed Cu particles over SBA-15 structure. The results confirmed that the activity of the catalysts is significantly affected by the textural properties, surface acidity and copper dispersion. Durability of all the catalysts were tested for 50 h time on stream and over the SBA-15 catalyst, only a small drop in the activity was observed.
Keywords
Copper, Mesoporous silica, Levulinic acid, γ-Valerolactone
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This preprint is under consideration at Waste and Biomass Valorization. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Putrakumar Balla
JiangXi University of Science and Technology
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-4595
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 11 Mar, 2021
Community comments: 1
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 08 Mar, 2021
Reviews received
Received 08 Mar, 2021
Editor invited
On 06 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 20 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 16 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was investigated over four different types of mesoporous silica (SBA-15, MCM-48, MCM-41, and KIT-6) supported copper (5 wt.%) catalysts. The Cu was incorporated into mesoporous silica supports by a sequential impregnation method. A detailed investigation of the support structure-activity correlation was done and the performance of the catalysts in LA conversion was studied. Detailed characterisation techniques were used to evaluate the physical and catalytic properties of the studied catalysts. The structure type and physicochemical properties of the silica support had a significant effect on the overall performance of the catalysts. Among them, over Cu/SBA-15 catalyst, a complete levulinic acid (LA) conversion with 98% gamma valerolactone (GVL) selectivity was achieved at 265°C under ambient H2 pressure. The superior performance of Cu/SBA-15 catalyst was due to the high surface acidity, reducibility of Cu oxides species, and highly dispersed Cu particles over SBA-15 structure. The results confirmed that the activity of the catalysts is significantly affected by the textural properties, surface acidity and copper dispersion. Durability of all the catalysts were tested for 50 h time on stream and over the SBA-15 catalyst, only a small drop in the activity was observed.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
- Graphicalabstract.tif
Graphical Abstract
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