Table 1. Basic characteristic of infants born in the non-NRDS group compared to the NRDS group [n=452, Mean SD/ Median (Q1, Q3)/ n (%)]
Groups
|
Gestational age(weeks)
|
Sex
|
Birth weight (100g)
|
CRP(mg/L)
|
IgM(mg/L)
|
WBC
|
PLT
|
GD
|
Antenatal steroids
|
PPROM
|
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid
|
|
|
Female
|
Male
|
|
|
|
|
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
<18 hours
|
>18 hours
|
No
|
Yes
|
non-NRDS group (n=310)
|
37.04 ± 2.68
|
140 (45.16)
|
170 (54.84)
|
27.76 ± 7.36
|
3.12 (1.85-7.77)
|
86.60 (66.10-115.00)
|
14.25 (11.28-18.10)
|
247.37 ± 65.45
|
286 (92.26%)
|
24 (7.74%)
|
47 (15.16%)
|
263 (84.84%)
|
245 (79.03%)
|
29 (9.35%)
|
36 (11.61%)
|
68 (21.94%)
|
242 (78.06%)
|
NRDS group (n=142)
|
31.56 ± 2.71
|
47 (33.10)
|
95 (66.90)
|
16.57 ± 5.58
|
3.16 (1.97-5.99)
|
76.90 (52.40-107.00)
|
10.30 (6.93-14.33)
|
221.11 ± 72.66
|
128 (90.14%)
|
14 (9.86%)
|
77 (54.23%)
|
65 (45.77%)
|
88 (61.97%)
|
9 (6.34%)
|
45 (31.69%)
|
8 (5.63%)
|
134 (94.37%)
|
P-value
|
<0.001
|
0.016
|
<0.001
|
0.298
|
0.431
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
CRP :C-reactive protein, IgM :immunoglobulin M, WBC :white blood cell count, PLT :platelet count, GD :gestational diabetes mellitus, PPROM :preterm premature rupture of membranes
Table 2. Univariate analysis of each factor with NRDS [n=452, Mean ± SD/ Median (Q1, Q3)/ n (%)]
|
Statistics
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P-value
|
Gestational age(Weeks)
|
35.32 ± 3.70
|
0.49 (0.43, 0.56)
|
0.000
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
Females
|
187 (41.37%)
|
1.0
|
|
Male
|
265 (58.63%)
|
1.67 (1.10, 2.52)
|
0.016
|
Birth weight(100g)
|
24.25 ± 8.60
|
0.78 (0.74, 0.82)
|
0.000
|
CRP(mg/L)
|
7.76 ± 13.91
|
1.01 (0.99, 1.02)
|
0.305
|
IgM(mg/L)
|
103.32 ± 90.73
|
1.01 (1.00, 1.01)
|
0.436
|
WBC
|
14.21 ± 7.18
|
0.94 (0.90, 0.97)
|
0.000
|
PLT
|
239.09 ± 68.82
|
0.99 (0.99, 1.00)
|
0.000
|
GD
|
|
|
|
No
|
414 (91.59%)
|
1.0
|
|
Yes
|
38 (8.41%)
|
1.30 (0.65, 2.60)
|
0.453
|
Antenatal steroids
|
|
|
|
No
|
124 (27.43%)
|
1.0
|
|
Yes
|
328 (72.57%)
|
0.15 (0.10, 0.24)
|
0.000
|
PPROM
|
|
|
|
No
|
333 (73.67%)
|
1.0
|
|
<18 hours
|
38 (8.41%)
|
0.86 (0.39, 1.90)
|
0.716
|
>18 hours
|
81 (17.92%)
|
3.48 (2.11, 5.75)
|
0.000
|
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid
|
|
|
|
No
|
76 (16.81%)
|
1.0
|
|
Yes
|
376 (83.19%)
|
4.71 (2.20, 10.09)
|
0.000
|
CRP :C-reactive protein, IgM :immunoglobulin M, WBC :white blood cell count, PLT :platelet count, GD :gestational diabetes mellitus, PPROM :preterm premature rupture of membranes
Result variables: NRDS or non-NRDS
Exposure variables: gestational age, sex, birth weight, CRP, IgM, WBC, PLT, GD, antenatal steroids, PPROM, meconium-stained amniotic fluid
Adjusted: None
Table 3. Comparison of different models of sex and NRDS [n=452, Mean ± SD/ Median (Q1, Q3)/ n (%)]
|
OR (95%CI)
|
|
Female
|
Male
|
Model 1
|
1.0
|
1.67 (1.10, 2.52)
|
P-value
|
|
0.016
|
Model 2
|
1.0
|
2.79 (1.47, 5.33)
|
P-value
|
|
0.002
|
Model 3
|
1.0
|
2.87 (1.42, 5.80)
|
P-value
|
|
0.003
|
CRP :C-reactive protein, IgM :immunoglobulin M, WBC :white blood cell count, PLT :platelet count, GD :gestational diabetes mellitus, PPROM :preterm premature rupture of membranes
Result variables: NRDS or non-NRDS
Exposure variable: sex
Model 1 adjusted: none
Model 2 adjusted: gestational age, birth weight
Model 3 adjusted: gestational age, birth weight, CRP, IgM, WBC, PLT, GD, antenatal steroids, PPROM, meconium-stained amniotic fluid