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Research Article
Luceta McRoy
Washington Adventist University
Corresponding Author
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose: Cancer incidence in the US remains higher among certain groups, regions, and communities and there are variations based on nativity. Research has primarily focused on specific groups and types of cancer. This study expands on previous studies to explore the relationship between country of birth (nativity) and all cancer site incidences among US and foreign-born residents using a nationally representative sample.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of (unweighted n= 22,554; weighted n =231,175,933) participants between the ages of 20 and 80 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Using weighted logistic regressions, we analyzed the impact of nativity on self-reported cancer diagnosis controlling for routine care, smoking status, overweight, race/ethnicity, age, and gender. We ran a partial model, adjusting only for age as a covariate, and a full model with all other covariates.
Results: In the partial and full models, our findings indicate that US-born individuals were more likely to report a cancer diagnosis compared to their foreign-born counterparts (OR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.93; 2.84], p<0.01), and (OR=1. 39, 95 % CI [1.05; 1.84], p < 0.05), respectively. There was a significant association between cancer diagnosis and routine care (OR=1.48, 95% [1.14; 1.93], p<0.01), overweight (OR=1.16, 95% CI [1.01; 1.34], p<0.05), and smoking status (OR=1.30, 95% CI [1.13; 1.49], p<0.01). Race/ethnicity, age and gender were also significantly associated with cancer diagnosis.
Conclusion: A variety of factors may reflect lower cancer diagnosis in foreign-born individuals in the US other than a healthy immigrant advantage, including environmental factors.
Keywords
Cancer, Nativity, Country of Birth, NHANES, Disparities, Immigrant Paradox
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
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Posted 05 Mar, 2021
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Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Feb, 2021
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Received 28 Feb, 2021
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On 19 Feb, 2021
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Subject Areas
Cancer Biology
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This preprint is under consideration at Cancer Causes & Control. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
Luceta McRoy
Washington Adventist University
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 05 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 28 Feb, 2021
Review #? received
Received 28 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 19 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 19 Feb, 2021
Subject Areas
Cancer Biology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Purpose: Cancer incidence in the US remains higher among certain groups, regions, and communities and there are variations based on nativity. Research has primarily focused on specific groups and types of cancer. This study expands on previous studies to explore the relationship between country of birth (nativity) and all cancer site incidences among US and foreign-born residents using a nationally representative sample.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of (unweighted n= 22,554; weighted n =231,175,933) participants between the ages of 20 and 80 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Using weighted logistic regressions, we analyzed the impact of nativity on self-reported cancer diagnosis controlling for routine care, smoking status, overweight, race/ethnicity, age, and gender. We ran a partial model, adjusting only for age as a covariate, and a full model with all other covariates.
Results: In the partial and full models, our findings indicate that US-born individuals were more likely to report a cancer diagnosis compared to their foreign-born counterparts (OR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.93; 2.84], p<0.01), and (OR=1. 39, 95 % CI [1.05; 1.84], p < 0.05), respectively. There was a significant association between cancer diagnosis and routine care (OR=1.48, 95% [1.14; 1.93], p<0.01), overweight (OR=1.16, 95% CI [1.01; 1.34], p<0.05), and smoking status (OR=1.30, 95% CI [1.13; 1.49], p<0.01). Race/ethnicity, age and gender were also significantly associated with cancer diagnosis.
Conclusion: A variety of factors may reflect lower cancer diagnosis in foreign-born individuals in the US other than a healthy immigrant advantage, including environmental factors.
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