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Research article
raheela mohsin rizvi
Aga Khan University Hospital
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-7344
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a gynecological condition resulting from pelvic floor dysfunction in women. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse associated factors, duration and impact on women's quality of life in rural Pakistan.
Methods
A large population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in which a three stage random sampling strategy was applied: randomly selected health centres and randomly selected Lady Health Workers from each health centre who then interviewed a random sample of women in their households. The interview used a structured questionnaire to collect symptom data. Female gynaecologists then conducted a clinical examination at the local health centres on women who reported symptoms of prolapse to verify and grade pelvic organ prolapse using Baden-Walker classification system.
Results
Among the 5064 women interviewed (95.8% response rate), 521 women had clinically confirmed POP, a prevalence of 10.3% (95% CI 9-11%). Among women with POP 37.8% had grade III or IV prolapse. The highest rate of POP (25%) was found in women aged 36-40 years and a rate of 77.2% was found in women of parity 4 or more. Among women with POP, 60.8% reported their quality of life as greatly or moderately affected; 44.3% had it for more than 5 years; and 78.7% never consulted a doctor.
Conclusions
Pelvic organ prolapse is highly prevalent in rural Pakistan and impacts on women’s everyday lives and remains mainly untreated. Measures should be taken to provide health care services to reduce this burden of disease among women.
Keywords
Community-based; Pelvic organ prolapse; Prevalence; Quality of life; Pakistan
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Women's Health.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 23 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 25 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 25 Dec, 2019
Version 1
Posted 24 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 04 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 03 Dec, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 28 Jul, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Jul, 2019
Editor assigned
On 24 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 19 Jul, 2019
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Women's Health.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
raheela mohsin rizvi
Aga Khan University Hospital
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-7344
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Women's Health.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 23 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 26 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 25 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 25 Dec, 2019
Version 1
Posted 24 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 04 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 03 Dec, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 28 Jul, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Jul, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 26 Jul, 2019
Editor assigned
On 24 Jul, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 23 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 19 Jul, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Women's Health.
Background
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a gynecological condition resulting from pelvic floor dysfunction in women. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse associated factors, duration and impact on women's quality of life in rural Pakistan.
Methods
A large population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in which a three stage random sampling strategy was applied: randomly selected health centres and randomly selected Lady Health Workers from each health centre who then interviewed a random sample of women in their households. The interview used a structured questionnaire to collect symptom data. Female gynaecologists then conducted a clinical examination at the local health centres on women who reported symptoms of prolapse to verify and grade pelvic organ prolapse using Baden-Walker classification system.
Results
Among the 5064 women interviewed (95.8% response rate), 521 women had clinically confirmed POP, a prevalence of 10.3% (95% CI 9-11%). Among women with POP 37.8% had grade III or IV prolapse. The highest rate of POP (25%) was found in women aged 36-40 years and a rate of 77.2% was found in women of parity 4 or more. Among women with POP, 60.8% reported their quality of life as greatly or moderately affected; 44.3% had it for more than 5 years; and 78.7% never consulted a doctor.
Conclusions
Pelvic organ prolapse is highly prevalent in rural Pakistan and impacts on women’s everyday lives and remains mainly untreated. Measures should be taken to provide health care services to reduce this burden of disease among women.
Figure 1
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