Exploring the intersections of college student poverty, grief, and racial/ethnic identity: a scoping review protocol

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2702476/v1

Download PDF

Research Article

Exploring the intersections of college student poverty, grief, and racial/ethnic identity: a scoping review protocol

https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2702476/v1

This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License

Journal Publication

published 14 Dec, 2023

Read the published version in Systematic Reviews →

You are reading this latest preprint version

Background

College students who experience the negative impact of poverty, such as food, financial, and housing insecurity, are at higher risk for poor academic performance. And one recent study examined grief in a college student sample and found those students with a diverse racial or ethnic background were more likely to experience Prolonged Grief Disorder; however, did not examine potential poverty in their sample. To date, there do not appear to be studies that have examined poverty by racial and ethnic identity and the experience of grief due to the death of a family member or friend. Our aim is to map the literature reporting on college students of any age who identify or are identified as non-white racial or ethnic groups who experience poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend. Our second objective is to map the interventional supports in practice delivered from campus or community services to support student academic performance and degree completion.

Methods

We will conduct our scoping review with guidance from the latest version of the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Utilizing the framework as outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, we will conduct our scoping review with Arksey’s five stages: 1) identifying the research question, 2) identifying relevant studies, 3) study selection, 4) charting the data, and 5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results. For transparency and reproducibility, we will adhere to the PRISMA reporting guidelines.

Discussion

The purpose of this scoping review is to map the literature on the intersections of college student poverty, grief, and racial/ethnic identity. A limitation of this review is that all relevant studies may not be identified due to database selection (i.e., searching more databases may identify additional relevant studies). This review will contribute to the literature base on college student poverty and create greater awareness around the needs of racially and ethnically diverse students experiencing poverty and grief due to death. The results may be of value, particularly to college administrators developing prevention and interventional programs to support college student success.

Systematic review registration

Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/enuwt).

College students

bereavement*

death*

grief

grieving

ethnicity

race

poverty

students of color

socioeconomic status

College students who experience the negative impact of poverty, such as food, financial, and housing insecurity, are at higher risk for poor academic performance [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. And one recent study conducted by Glickman [11] examined grief in a college student sample and found those students with a diverse racial or ethnic background were more likely to experience Prolonged Grief Disorder; however, did not examine potential poverty in their sample. To date, there do not appear to be studies that have examined poverty by racial and ethnic identity and the experience of grief due to the death of a family member or friend.

Preliminary searches of MEDLINE (Ovid) 1946–2022, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Wiley), and JBI Evidence Synthesis were conducted (SEGL) on 9/26/2022. On 11/07/2022, searches for existing reviews or protocols were conducted (MMM) in the following databases and journals: PubMed (pubmed.gov), Epistemonikos (epistemonikos.org), Cochrane Library (Wiley), PROSPERO (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO), Open Science Framework (osf.io), and JBI Evidence Synthesis, International Journal of Evidence-based Healthcare, Campbell Systematic Reviews. No current or underway systematic or scoping reviews on the topic were identified. The scoping review protocol for this study has been registered within the Open Science Framework (pre-registration number: [https://osf.io/enuwt]).

We will conduct our scoping review with guidance from the latest version of the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis [12]. Utilizing the framework as outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, we will conduct our scoping review with Arksey’s five stages: 1) identifying the research question, 2) identifying relevant studies, 3) study selection, 4) charting the data, and 5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results [13]. For transparency and reproducibility, we will adhere to the PRISMA-S and PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines, and mapping will be done using PRISMA-P [14,15,16,17], [see Additional file 1].

We will use the PCC model from the JBI Manual to organize our research question for our scoping review [18].

Population: College students of any age with racial or ethnic identities other than White.
Concept: Experiences of poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend, as well as interventional support for academic performance and degree completion.
Context: Any geographic setting worldwide. Interventional support can be delivered from campus or community services, on or off-campus locations.

What has been reported in the literature on the intersections of poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend in college students of any age who identify or are identified as non-white racial or ethnic groups?

Secondary research question

What interventional supports are in practice on or off campus, and what supports are recommended for these students to support their academic performance and degree completion?

Information sources and search strategy

An information specialist (MMM) will develop the search strategies using a combination of keywords and database subject headings for the primary databases from sentinel studies and team feedback, then translate the strategy to the other selected databases. Library colleagues will peer review the strategy according to PRESS guidelines [19]. Citation management and duplicate detection and removal will be accomplished with EndNote (Clarivate Analytics). Databases will include: Medline (Ovid) 1946–2023, CINAHL Complete (Ebscohost) 1937–2023, APA PsycINFO (Ebscohost) 1872–2023, Dissertations & Theses Global (ProQuest) 1861–2023, Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest) 1952–2023 and Scopus (Elsevier) 1970–2023, [see Additional file 2]. We will check references of our included studies for additional reports meeting our inclusion criteria. Grey literature: Including research and committee reports, government reports, university reports, and conference papers for the last 5 years from the Government Accountability Office, www.gao.gov, and The Hope Center for College, Community and Justice, Temple University, hope.temple.edu.

Eligibility criteria

We will use Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation), an online systematic reviewing platform, to screen and select studies.

Inclusion criteria

Population: College students with racial or ethnic identities other than White.

Concept: the experience of poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend.

Context: Interventional support of academic performance and degree completion.

Types of studies: All experimental or observational studies with qualitative or quantitative data.

Exclusion criteria

Types of studies; Non-academic media sources (e.g., blogs, news articles, etc.).

Screening and selection procedure

Two reviewers (SEGL, KPG) will independently screen titles and abstracts, then independently review full text for inclusion. When no consensus can be reached between the two reviewers, a third reviewer (KPS) will be the deciding vote.

Data extraction

Two reviewers (SEGL, KPG) will pilot our data charting form using sentinel articles prior to the finalization of the protocol. Two reviewers (SEGL, KPG) will then independently extract and chart the data from included studies using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation).

Quality assessment

In compliance with scoping review methodology, no quality assessment of included studies will be conducted, as our goal is to rapidly map the literature.

Analysis of evidence

Results from this scoping review will be presented as a descriptive summary (narrative). Additionally, results for the population, concept, and context will be presented in a table, figure, and/or graphical form.

Dissemination of results

The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations, and/or a one-day stakeholder meeting. Any changes from the scoping protocol methodology will be acknowledged and defined in the manuscript.

Our aim is to map the literature reporting on college students of any age who identify or are identified as non-white racial or ethnic groups who experience poverty and grief due to the death of a family member or friend. Our second objective is to map the interventional supports in practice delivered from campus or community services to support student academic performance and degree completion. This review will contribute to the literature base on college student poverty and create greater awareness around the needs of racially and ethnically diverse students experiencing poverty and grief due to death. The results may be of value, particularly to college administrators developing prevention and interventional programs to support college student success.

Limitations

A limitation of this review is that all relevant studies may not have been identified due to database selection (i.e., searching other databases may have identified additional relevant studies). Additionally, this review is limited to studies published in English as no funding is available for translation services.

JBI

Joanna Briggs Institute.

PRISMA-S

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension.

PRISMA-ScR

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist.

PRISMA-P

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol.

PCC

Population-Concept-Context.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

All authors give approval for the publishing of this protocol manuscript.

Availability of data and materials

All study data generated or analyzed will be included in the published scoping review article and can be made available upon request.

Competing interests

The authors declare they have no competing interests.

Funding

No funding has been obtained for this study.

Author’s contributions

SEGL led the conceptualization, development, and writing of the manuscript. KPS contributed to the development of the project and manuscript preparation. KPG contributed to the manuscript preparation. MMM conducted the search and contributed to the manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Acknowledgments

We express our thanks to the reviewers and editors for their assistance.

Baker-Smith C, Coca V, Goldrick-Rab S, et al. #RealCollege 2020: Five Years of Evidence on Campus Basic Needs Insecurity. The Hope Center. 2020. Accessed 7 March 2022. https://tacc.org/sites/default/files/documents/2020-02/2019_realcollege_survey_report.pdf
Broton KM. A review of estimates of housing insecurity and homelessness among students in U.S. higher education. J Soc Distress Homeless. 2019;29(1):25–38.
Bruening M, van Woerden I, Todd M, Laska MN. Hungry to learn: the prevalence and effects of food insecurity on health behaviors and outcomes over time among a diverse sample of university freshmen. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018;15(1). Accessed 16 April 2022. https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12966-018-0647-7
‌Farahbakhsh J, Hanbazaza M, Ball GDC, Farmer AP, Maximova K, Willows ND. Food insecure student clients of a university-based food bank have compromised health, dietary intake and academic quality. Nutr Diet. 2016;74(1):67–73.
‌Maroto M. Food insecurity among community college students: prevalence and relationship to GPA. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2013;45(4):S35.
Martinez SM, Esaryk EE, Moffat L, Ritchie L. Redefining basic needs for higher education: it’s more than minimal food and housing according to California university students. Am J Health Promot. 2021;35(6):089011712199229.
Martinez SM, Frongillo EA, Leung C, Ritchie L. No food for thought: food insecurity is related to poor mental health and lower academic performance among students in California’s public university system. J Health Psychol. 2018;25(12):135910531878302.
Payne-Sturges DC, Tjaden A, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB, Arria AM. Student hunger on campus: food insecurity among college students and implications for academic institutions. Am J Health Promot. 2017;32(2):349–54.
Silva MR, Kleinert WL, Sheppard AV, et al. The relationship between food security, housing stability, and school performance among college students in an urban university. J Coll Stud Ret. 2015;19(3):284–99.
Soldavini J, Berner M, Da Silva J. Rates of and characteristics associated with food insecurity differ among undergraduate and graduate students at a large public university in the Southeast United States. Prev Med Rep. 2019;14:100836.
Glickman K. Prolonged grief disorder in a diverse college student sample. Front Psychol. 2021;11.
Aromataris E, Munn Z. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI; 2020.
Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol. 2005;8(1):19–32.
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, et al. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2021;10(1).
Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467–73.
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4(1).
Beller EM, Glasziou PP, Altman DG, et al. PRISMA for abstracts: reporting systematic reviews in journal and conference abstracts. PLoS Med. 2013;10(4):e1001419. Accessed 11 August 2022. https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001419&type=printable
Peters MDJ, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Munn Z, Trico AC, Khalil H. Chapter 11: scoping reviews. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI; 2020. Accessed 10 August 2022. https://doi.org/10.46658/JBIMES-20-12
McGowan J, Sampson M, Salzwedel DM, et al. PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;75(1):40–6. Accessed 18 August 2022. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895435616000585

Download PDF

Journal Publication

published 14 Dec, 2023

Read the published version in Systematic Reviews →

Reviewers agreed at journal
11 Sep, 2023
Reviewers invited by journal
10 Sep, 2023
Editor assigned by journal
05 Sep, 2023
First submitted to journal
05 Sep, 2023
Editorial decision: Minor revision
19 Aug, 2023

You are reading this latest preprint version

Exploring the intersections of college student poverty, grief, and racial/ethnic identity: a scoping review protocol

Status:

Journal Publication

Version 1

Abstract

Background

Methods/Design

Research question

Secondary research question

Information sources and search strategy

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Screening and selection procedure

Data extraction

Quality assessment

Analysis of evidence

Dissemination of results

Discussion

Limitations

Abbreviations

Declarations

References

Supplementary Files

Status:

Journal Publication

Version 1