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Research Article
vahid Fathipour
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran
Corresponding Author
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This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated in 26 dogs with mammary tumors before surgical treatment and then 1, 4 and 12 months after surgery by gelatin zymography. Serum samples from 26 dogs with the normal condition were used as the control in the zymographic evaluation. In addition, pathology evaluation was performed in patients.
Results: Our results showed that lymph node metastases are risk factor for death and metastasis and or recurrence (M/R) in canine malignant mammary tumors. Dogs with benign and malignant mammary tumors showed bands of Pro-MMP-2, Pro-MMP-9 and active MMP-9 with molecular weights of 72, 92 and 82, respectively. However, only Pro-MMP-2 and Pro-MMP-9 bands appeared in the serum of control group and two patients with benign lobular hyperplasia tumor. Our results showed that Pro-MMP-2 levels increased more dramatically (2 fold) in malignant tumors than in benign tumors and control groups. Also, in patients with M/R, there was a significant increase in the levels of Pro-MMP-9 in serum samples 12 months after surgery compared with other sampling times. Meanwhile, the presence of active MMP-9 (especially in samples 4 and 12 months after surgery of malignant tumors), regardless of its amount, is important in terms of prognosis for recurrence or metastasis. Also, active MMP-2 was only detected in some malignant and metastatic tumors. Observation of active MMP-2 band is very important for M/R than active MMP-9 because its presence regardless of values coincides with a definite M/R, unlike the active form of MMP-9. Necrosis, stromal invasion, and infiltrative growth increase risk of the development of M/R and the presence of necrosis is a risk factor for death.
Conclusions: In conclusion, serum zymograhpy may be used at regular intervals after surgery to check for the possibility of M/R in dogs with mammary tumors.More research is needed in this regard.
Keywords
Canine mammary tumor, MMP-2, MMP-9, Gelatin zymography
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No competing interests reported.
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This preprint is under consideration at BMC Veterinary Research. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research Article
vahid Fathipour
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran
Corresponding Author
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 26 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Reviewer #6 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #7 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 10 Apr, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 22 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 22 Mar, 2021
Editor invited
On 22 Mar, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 22 Mar, 2021
First submitted
On 23 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: Serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated in 26 dogs with mammary tumors before surgical treatment and then 1, 4 and 12 months after surgery by gelatin zymography. Serum samples from 26 dogs with the normal condition were used as the control in the zymographic evaluation. In addition, pathology evaluation was performed in patients.
Results: Our results showed that lymph node metastases are risk factor for death and metastasis and or recurrence (M/R) in canine malignant mammary tumors. Dogs with benign and malignant mammary tumors showed bands of Pro-MMP-2, Pro-MMP-9 and active MMP-9 with molecular weights of 72, 92 and 82, respectively. However, only Pro-MMP-2 and Pro-MMP-9 bands appeared in the serum of control group and two patients with benign lobular hyperplasia tumor. Our results showed that Pro-MMP-2 levels increased more dramatically (2 fold) in malignant tumors than in benign tumors and control groups. Also, in patients with M/R, there was a significant increase in the levels of Pro-MMP-9 in serum samples 12 months after surgery compared with other sampling times. Meanwhile, the presence of active MMP-9 (especially in samples 4 and 12 months after surgery of malignant tumors), regardless of its amount, is important in terms of prognosis for recurrence or metastasis. Also, active MMP-2 was only detected in some malignant and metastatic tumors. Observation of active MMP-2 band is very important for M/R than active MMP-9 because its presence regardless of values coincides with a definite M/R, unlike the active form of MMP-9. Necrosis, stromal invasion, and infiltrative growth increase risk of the development of M/R and the presence of necrosis is a risk factor for death.
Conclusions: In conclusion, serum zymograhpy may be used at regular intervals after surgery to check for the possibility of M/R in dogs with mammary tumors.More research is needed in this regard.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
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