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Background
Food insecurity is widely prevalent in certain sections of society in low and middle income countries. The United Nations has challenged all member countries to eliminate hunger for all people by 2030. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity among women, especially Dalit women of reproductive age in Nepal.
Methods
Data came from 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey that included 12,862 women between 15 and 49 years of age of which 12% were Dalit. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the prevalence of household food insecurity while logistic regression examined the relationship between women’s ethnicity and the risk of food insecurity after accounting for demographic, economic, cultural, and geo-ecological characteristics.
Results
About 56% of all women and 76% of Dalit women had experienced food insecurity. Ethnicity is strongly related to food insecurity. Dalit women were most likely to be food insecure, even after accounting for factors such as education and wealth. They were 82%, 85%, 89% and 92% more vulnerable to food insecurity than Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, Terai Indigenous, and Hill Indigenous populations, respectively. Education was a protective factor—women with secondary education (6th to 10th grade) were 39% less likely to be food insecure compared to their counterparts without education. With a more than 10th grade education, women were 2.27 times more likely to be food secure compared to their counterparts without education. Marriage was also protective. Economically, household wealth is inversely correlated with food insecurity. Finally, residence in the Mid-Western, Far-Western and Central Development regions was correlated with food insecurity.
Conclusion
To reduce food insecurity in Nepal, interventions should focus on improving women’s education and wealth, especially among Dalit and those residing in the Far- and Mid-Western regions.
Keywords
food insecurity; women of reproductive age; Nepal
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Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 29 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Jan, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 23 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 15 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 15 Dec, 2019
Version 1
Posted 25 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 09 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 02 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 13 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Sep, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 23 Aug, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 22 Jul, 2019
Editor assigned
On 22 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 21 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 17 Jul, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
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A new preprint design is coming!
We have improved readability, clarity, accessibility, and opportunities for engagement.
See the published version of this preprint at BMC Public Health.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
No community comments so far
Editorial decision: Accept
On 29 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 28 Jan, 2020
Submission checks complete
On 27 Jan, 2020
Editor invited
On 27 Jan, 2020
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Minor revision
On 23 Jan, 2020
Review #1 received
Received 13 Jan, 2020
Editor assigned
On 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 16 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 16 Dec, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 15 Dec, 2019
Editor invited
On 15 Dec, 2019
Version 1
Posted 25 Jul, 2019
No comments provided
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 09 Dec, 2019
Review #2 received
Received 02 Dec, 2019
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 18 Nov, 2019
Review #1 received
Received 13 Oct, 2019
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 22 Sep, 2019
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 23 Aug, 2019
Submission checks complete
On 22 Jul, 2019
Editor assigned
On 22 Jul, 2019
Editor invited
On 21 Jul, 2019
First submitted
On 17 Jul, 2019
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Public Health.
Background
Food insecurity is widely prevalent in certain sections of society in low and middle income countries. The United Nations has challenged all member countries to eliminate hunger for all people by 2030. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity among women, especially Dalit women of reproductive age in Nepal.
Methods
Data came from 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey that included 12,862 women between 15 and 49 years of age of which 12% were Dalit. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the prevalence of household food insecurity while logistic regression examined the relationship between women’s ethnicity and the risk of food insecurity after accounting for demographic, economic, cultural, and geo-ecological characteristics.
Results
About 56% of all women and 76% of Dalit women had experienced food insecurity. Ethnicity is strongly related to food insecurity. Dalit women were most likely to be food insecure, even after accounting for factors such as education and wealth. They were 82%, 85%, 89% and 92% more vulnerable to food insecurity than Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, Terai Indigenous, and Hill Indigenous populations, respectively. Education was a protective factor—women with secondary education (6th to 10th grade) were 39% less likely to be food insecure compared to their counterparts without education. With a more than 10th grade education, women were 2.27 times more likely to be food secure compared to their counterparts without education. Marriage was also protective. Economically, household wealth is inversely correlated with food insecurity. Finally, residence in the Mid-Western, Far-Western and Central Development regions was correlated with food insecurity.
Conclusion
To reduce food insecurity in Nepal, interventions should focus on improving women’s education and wealth, especially among Dalit and those residing in the Far- and Mid-Western regions.
This is a list of supplementary files associated with this preprint. Click to download.
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