This preprint is under consideration at Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
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Research
Gunilla Elmgren Frykberg
Uppsala University: Uppsala Universitet
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-810X
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
Kinematic analysis of the 3D reach-to-grasp drinking task is recommended in stroke rehabilitation research. The number of trials required to reach performance stability, as an important aspect of reliability, has not been investigated. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the number of trials needed to reach within-session performance stability and to investigate trends in performance over a set of trials in non-disabled people and in a sample of individuals with chronic stroke. In addition, the between-sessions test-retest reliability in persons with stroke was established.
Methods
The drinking task was performed at least 10 times, following a standardized protocol, in 44 non-disabled and 8 post-stroke individuals. A marker-based motion capture system registered arm and trunk movements during 5 pre-defined phases of the drinking task. Intra class correlation statistics were used to determine the number of trials needed to reach performance stability as well as to establish test-retest reliability. Systematic within-session trends over multiple trials were analyzed with a paired t-test.
Results
For most of the kinematic variables 2 to 3 trials were needed to reach good performance stability in both investigated groups. More trials were needed for movement times in reaching and returning phase, movement smoothness, time to peak velocity and inter-joint-coordination. A small but significant trend of improvement in movement time over multiple trials was demonstrated in the non-disabled group, but not in the stroke group. A mean of 3 trials was sufficient to reach good to excellent test-retest reliability for most of the kinematic variables in the stroke sample.
Conclusions
This is the first study that determines the number of trials needed for good performance stability (non-disabled and stroke) and test-retest reliability (stroke) for temporal, endpoint and angular metrics of the drinking task. For most kinematic variables, 3 trials are sufficient to reach good reliability. This knowledge can be used to guide future kinematic studies.
Keywords
Kinematics, upper extremity, drinking task, functional assessment, performance stability, test-retest reliability, stroke, non-disabled
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CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 11 Mar, 2021
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Reviewer #3 agreed
On 08 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Review #? received
Received 02 Mar, 2021
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Invitations sent on 02 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 28 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 28 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 28 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 25 Feb, 2021
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Subject Areas
Physical Medicine & Rehab
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This preprint is under consideration at Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. A preprint is a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research
Gunilla Elmgren Frykberg
Uppsala University: Uppsala Universitet
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-810X
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Under Review
Version 1
Posted 11 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 08 Apr, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Review #? received
Received 02 Mar, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 02 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Editor assigned
On 28 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 28 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 28 Feb, 2021
First submitted
On 25 Feb, 2021
Subject Areas
Physical Medicine & Rehab
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background
Kinematic analysis of the 3D reach-to-grasp drinking task is recommended in stroke rehabilitation research. The number of trials required to reach performance stability, as an important aspect of reliability, has not been investigated. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the number of trials needed to reach within-session performance stability and to investigate trends in performance over a set of trials in non-disabled people and in a sample of individuals with chronic stroke. In addition, the between-sessions test-retest reliability in persons with stroke was established.
Methods
The drinking task was performed at least 10 times, following a standardized protocol, in 44 non-disabled and 8 post-stroke individuals. A marker-based motion capture system registered arm and trunk movements during 5 pre-defined phases of the drinking task. Intra class correlation statistics were used to determine the number of trials needed to reach performance stability as well as to establish test-retest reliability. Systematic within-session trends over multiple trials were analyzed with a paired t-test.
Results
For most of the kinematic variables 2 to 3 trials were needed to reach good performance stability in both investigated groups. More trials were needed for movement times in reaching and returning phase, movement smoothness, time to peak velocity and inter-joint-coordination. A small but significant trend of improvement in movement time over multiple trials was demonstrated in the non-disabled group, but not in the stroke group. A mean of 3 trials was sufficient to reach good to excellent test-retest reliability for most of the kinematic variables in the stroke sample.
Conclusions
This is the first study that determines the number of trials needed for good performance stability (non-disabled and stroke) and test-retest reliability (stroke) for temporal, endpoint and angular metrics of the drinking task. For most kinematic variables, 3 trials are sufficient to reach good reliability. This knowledge can be used to guide future kinematic studies.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
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