Out of 469 cases, 37 were excluded for the following reasons: 23 were planning to have an artificial abortion; 6 had temporary financial problems (money matters); 3 had uncertain gestational week (no ANC); 3 had mental illness but did not have a diagnosis from a psychiatrist (mental illness); 1 planned to divorce but had not divorced yet (divorce); and 1 reported unverified IPV (IPV).
The mean age, median age, and age range of SHRPW were 24.0, 22, and 14–47 years, respectively. There were 2 (0.5%) SHRPW who were 14 years old, 180 (41.7%) between ages 15 and 19 years, 77 (17.8%) between ages 20 and 24 years, 61 (14.1%) between ages 25 and 29 years, 49 (11.3%) between ages 30 and 34 years, 30 (6.9%) between ages 35 and 39 years, 12 (2.8%) between ages of 40 and 44 years, and 1 (0.2%) who was 45 years or older. There were 20 women (4.6%) with unknown ages.
The young pregnant women category, which was the largest category, included 183 cases. Two were 14 years old, 6 were 15 years old, 13 were 16 years old, 30 were 17 years old, 57 were 18 years old, 74 were 19 years old, and 1 was a second-year junior high school student (of unknown age). Thirty-three out of 183 cases had characteristics matching those of other simultaneous categories in addition to the young pregnant women category (Table 1). The mental illness category included 88 cases; of these, 25 had depression, 19 had a panic disorder, 11 had schizophrenia, 9 had epilepsy, 5 had sleep disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder, 4 had bipolar disorder and anxiety, 2 had borderline personality disorder, 1 woman each had posttraumatic stress disorder, dissociative disorder, dysthymia, an eating disorder, and postpartum depression. Furthermore, 15 women had an uncertain disease, and 11 had more than one mental illness. All pregnant women in the mental illness category underwent a regular pregnancy examination. The no ANC category included 80 cases; of these, 20 and 60 utilized the telephone triage during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. Seventy-three pregnant women did not undergo a pregnancy examination and seven pregnant women consulted an obstetrician only once during and after the second trimester of pregnancy. Forty-four women were primiparous, whereas 36 were multiparous; the highest number of deliveries was eight. Twelve of the deliveries among the women in the no ANC category occurred at home or in an ambulance. Of these, 3 women called just before the delivery, 3 women called during the delivery, and 6 women called just after the delivery. Two women delivered in the second trimester, whereas 10 women delivered in the third trimester. In two cases, the death of the baby was confirmed immediately after delivery at 29 weeks and 30 weeks of pregnancy, respectively.
The money matters category included 47 cases; of these, 22 cases received or applied for welfare payments. In the ‘an emotional conflict’ category, there were 18 cases in the first trimester, 4 cases in the second trimester, and 1 case in an unknown trimester. All 16 women with multiple pregnancies regularly consulted an obstetrician. Five of these cases required emergent requests for maternal transfer to a tertiary care hospital or specialist care from obstetricians.
The IPV category included 16 cases. All of these cases regularly consulted an obstetrician. Individuals who committed acts of violence were the husband in seven cases, the boyfriend in four cases, the common-law husband in one case, the father in one case, the mother in one case, and an unknown person in two cases. Two pregnant women were protected by the counseling and support center for women. In the no issue category, 4 cases were in the second trimester and 11 cases were in the third trimester. The foreign nationalities category consisted of 10 cases; none had other simultaneous categories. Among these 10 cases, two calls were placed by ambulance attendants, two by medical staff, two by husbands, two by members of a volunteer group, one by a mother-in-law, and one by a man of unknown relationship to the pregnant woman. Their nationalities were Chinese (four cases), Russian (one case), Ghanaian (one case), Thai (one case), Indian (one case), and unidentified (two cases). There were nine cases in the police report category, of which, four were also in the young pregnant women category. Of all SHRPW, 326 cases (75.5%) had a single category and 106 cases (24.5%) had other simultaneous categories (Table 1). These 106 cases had 48 patterns of co-occurring relationships between different categories.
As shown in Fig. 1, the strong co-occurring relationships and their Jaccard coefficients were as follows: out of touch and lack of supporters, 0.35; no ANC and money matters, 0.20; out of touch and unmarried, 0.17; no ANC and no issue, 0.13; money matters and lack of supporters, 0.13; no issue and lack of supporters, 0.12; and money matters and unmarried, 0.11. All Jaccard coefficients ranged from 0.01 to 0.35.
The top-ranked characteristic words (Table 2) in all 15 categories were not the same as the top-ranked words in any of the other categories: consultation (young pregnant women); mental (mental illness), no consultation (no ANC); unmarried (unmarried); welfare payments (money matters); artificial abortion (an emotional conflict); twins (multiple pregnancies); kick (IPV); unknown (no issue); parent (out of touch); father (lack of supporters); Japanese (foreign nationality); arrest (police report); suicide (attempted suicide); and opponent (divorce).