See the published version of this preprint at BMC Ophthalmology.
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Research article
Jae Ho Jung
Seoul National University College of Medicine
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-4903
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
Background: To present a simple method to evaluate transient eye closure (TEC) under bright light using binocular pupillometry in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT).
Methods: Sixty-one children with IXT were studied using binocular pupillometry. Each patient was exposed to each phase as follows: scotopic phase (darkness) for 3,300 ms, mesopic phase for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, low-intensity white light phase (10 cd/m2) for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, and high-intensity white light phase (100 cd/m2) for 200 ms. TEC was present if the subject closed eyes immediately more than half in response to light, compared with the one in the scotopic phase. We assessed the agreement between TEC and self-reporting photosensitivity, and also evaluated the associated factors for the presence of TEC in IXT patients.
Results: With the new method to evaluate TEC under different light intensities, 27 (44.3%) of the 61 IXT patients showed TEC, and 34 (55.7%) did not demonstrate TEC. TEC under high-intensity white light had a strong correlation with photosensitivity (r = 0.77). The smaller angle of deviation at near was associated with the presence of TEC, with statistical significance (p = 0.04). Normal sensory status at distance was significantly associated with TEC (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression analysis showed that normal sensory status was significantly associated with TEC (p = 0.02).
Conclusions: The test using binocular pupillometry is useful in identifying TEC related to bright light, and the presence of TEC was strongly correlated with photosensitivity in patients with IXT.
Keywords
Eye closure, Intermittent exotropia, Photosensitivity, Photophobia
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CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Version 1
Posted 09 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Review #5 received
Received 15 Mar, 2021
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 15 Mar, 2021
Review #3 received
Received 13 Mar, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 13 Mar, 2021
Review #4 received
Received 11 Mar, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 05 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #5 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 01 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 27 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 25 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 25 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 25 Feb, 2021
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Subject Areas
Ophthalmology
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See the published version of this preprint at BMC Ophthalmology.
This is a preprint, a preliminary version of a manuscript that has not completed peer review at a journal. Research Square does not conduct peer review prior to posting preprints. The posting of a preprint on this server should not be interpreted as an endorsement of its validity or suitability for dissemination as established information or for guiding clinical practice.
Learn more about In Review
Research article
Jae Ho Jung
Seoul National University College of Medicine
Corresponding Author
ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-4903
Badges
Prescreen
This manuscript passed our Prescreen assessment
Complete author information
Appropriate declaration statements
Potential risks to human health
Prescreen
Peer Review Timeline
CURRENT STATUS: Published
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Version 1
Posted 09 Mar, 2021
No community comments so far
Review #5 received
Received 15 Mar, 2021
Editorial decision: Major revision
On 15 Mar, 2021
Review #3 received
Received 13 Mar, 2021
Review #2 received
Received 13 Mar, 2021
Review #4 received
Received 11 Mar, 2021
Review #1 received
Received 05 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #5 agreed
On 02 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #4 agreed
On 01 Mar, 2021
Reviewer #3 agreed
On 27 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #2 agreed
On 27 Feb, 2021
Reviewers invited
Invitations sent on 26 Feb, 2021
Reviewer #1 agreed
On 26 Feb, 2021
Editor assigned
On 25 Feb, 2021
Submission checks complete
On 25 Feb, 2021
Editor invited
On 25 Feb, 2021
Metrics
Comments: 0
PDF Downloads: ...
HTML Views: ...
Subject Areas
Ophthalmology
License:
This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License. Read Full License
View the published article at BMC Ophthalmology.
Background: To present a simple method to evaluate transient eye closure (TEC) under bright light using binocular pupillometry in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT).
Methods: Sixty-one children with IXT were studied using binocular pupillometry. Each patient was exposed to each phase as follows: scotopic phase (darkness) for 3,300 ms, mesopic phase for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, low-intensity white light phase (10 cd/m2) for 200 ms, scotopic phase for 3,300 ms, and high-intensity white light phase (100 cd/m2) for 200 ms. TEC was present if the subject closed eyes immediately more than half in response to light, compared with the one in the scotopic phase. We assessed the agreement between TEC and self-reporting photosensitivity, and also evaluated the associated factors for the presence of TEC in IXT patients.
Results: With the new method to evaluate TEC under different light intensities, 27 (44.3%) of the 61 IXT patients showed TEC, and 34 (55.7%) did not demonstrate TEC. TEC under high-intensity white light had a strong correlation with photosensitivity (r = 0.77). The smaller angle of deviation at near was associated with the presence of TEC, with statistical significance (p = 0.04). Normal sensory status at distance was significantly associated with TEC (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression analysis showed that normal sensory status was significantly associated with TEC (p = 0.02).
Conclusions: The test using binocular pupillometry is useful in identifying TEC related to bright light, and the presence of TEC was strongly correlated with photosensitivity in patients with IXT.
Figure 1
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