1.Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018, 68:394–424.
2.Chen R, Zheng RS, Zhang SW, Zeng HM, Wang SM, Sun KX, Gu XY, Wei WW, He J: [Analysis of incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in China, 2015]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019, 53:1094–1097.
3.Pennathur A, Gibson MK, Jobe BA, Luketich JD: Oesophageal carcinoma. Lancet 2013, 381:400–412.
4.Cohen DJ, Leichman L: Controversies in the treatment of local and locally advanced gastric and esophageal cancers. J Clin Oncol 2015, 33:1754–1759.
5.Chen W, Zheng R, Baade PD, Zhang S, Zeng H, Bray F, Jemal A, Yu XQ, He J: Cancer statistics in China, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 2016, 66:115–132.
6.Huang FL, Yu SJ: Esophageal cancer: Risk factors, genetic association, and treatment. Asian J Surg 2018, 41:210–215.
7.Allum WH, Blazeby JM, Griffin SM, Cunningham D, Jankowski JA, Wong R: Guidelines for the management of oesophageal and gastric cancer. Gut 2011, 60:1449–1472.
8.Shapiro J, van Lanschot JJB, Hulshof M, van Hagen P, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Wijnhoven BPL, van Laarhoven HWM, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Hospers GAP, Bonenkamp JJ, et al: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2015, 16:1090–1098.
9.Akinleye A, Rasool Z: Immune checkpoint inhibitors of PD-L1 as cancer therapeutics. J Hematol Oncol 2019, 12:92.
10.Liu T, Han C, Wang S, Fang P, Ma Z, Xu L, Yin R: Cancer-associated fibroblasts: an emerging target of anti-cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2019, 12:86.
11.Metges J, Francois E, Shah M, Adenis A, Enzinger P, Kojima T, Muro K, Bennouna J, Hsu C, Moriwaki T, et al: The phase 3 KEYNOTE–181 study: pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced esophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2019, 30 Suppl 4:iv130.
12.Huang WT, Lu HI, Wang YM, Chen YH, Lo CM, Lin WC, Lan YC, Tseng LH, Li SH: Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. J Clin Med 2019, 8.
13.Yagi T, Baba Y, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, Miyamoto Y, Yoshida N, Watanabe M, Baba H: PD-L1 Expression, Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes, and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Surgically Resected Esophageal Cancer. Ann Surg 2019, 269:471–478.
14.Li J, Chen Z, Tian L, Zhou C, He MY, Gao Y, Wang S, Zhou F, Shi S, Feng X, et al: LncRNA profile study reveals a three-lncRNA signature associated with the survival of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gut 2014, 63:1700–1710.
15.Aran D, Hu Z, Butte AJ: xCell: digitally portraying the tissue cellular heterogeneity landscape. Genome Biol 2017, 18:220.
16.Kakegawa T: Forty years’ experience in surgical treatment for esophageal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2003, 8:277–288.
17.Ward-Kavanagh LK, Lin WW, Sedy JR, Ware CF: The TNF Receptor Superfamily in Co-stimulating and Co-inhibitory Responses. Immunity 2016, 44:1005–1019.
18.Janakiram M, Chinai JM, Zhao A, Sparano JA, Zang X: HHLA2 and TMIGD2: new immunotherapeutic targets of the B7 and CD28 families. Oncoimmunology 2015, 4:e1026534.
19.Zhang C, Zhang Z, Li F, Shen Z, Qiao Y, Li L, Liu S, Song M, Zhao X, Ren F, et al: Large-scale analysis reveals the specific clinical and immune features of B7-H3 in glioma. Oncoimmunology 2018, 7:e1461304.
20.Chretien S, Zerdes I, Bergh J, Matikas A, Foukakis T: Beyond PD–1/PD-L1 Inhibition: What the Future Holds for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019, 11.
21.Wang J, Sanmamed MF, Datar I, Su TT, Ji L, Sun J, Chen L, Chen Y, Zhu G, Yin W, et al: Fibrinogen-like Protein 1 Is a Major Immune Inhibitory Ligand of LAG–3. Cell 2019, 176:334–347.e312.
22.Wang J, Sun J, Liu LN, Flies DB, Nie X, Toki M, Zhang J, Song C, Zarr M, Zhou X, et al: Siglec–15 as an immune suppressor and potential target for normalization cancer immunotherapy. Nat Med 2019, 25:656–666.
23.Du W, Yang M, Turner A, Xu C, Ferris RL, Huang J, Kane LP, Lu B: TIM–3 as a Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2017, 18.
24.Marinelli O, Nabissi M, Morelli MB, Torquati L, Amantini C, Santoni G: ICOS-L as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2018, 19:1107–1113.
25.Fu L, Zhang C, Zhang LY, Dong SS, Lu LH, Chen J, Dai Y, Li Y, Kong KL, Kwong DL, Guan XY: Wnt2 secreted by tumour fibroblasts promotes tumour progression in oesophageal cancer by activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway. Gut 2011, 60:1635–1643.
26.Nabeki B, Ishigami S, Uchikado Y, Sasaki K, Kita Y, Okumura H, Arigami T, Kijima Y, Kurahara H, Maemura K, Natsugoe S: Interleukin–32 expression and Treg infiltration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2015, 35:2941–2947.
27.Yue Y, Lian J, Wang T, Luo C, Yuan Y, Qin G, Zhang B, Zhang Y: Interleukin–33-nuclear factor-kappaB-CCL2 signaling pathway promotes progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by directing regulatory T cells. Cancer Sci 2020, 111:795–806.
28.Korn T, Muschaweckh A: Stability and Maintenance of Foxp3(+) Treg Cells in Non-lymphoid Microenvironments. Front Immunol 2019, 10:2634.
29.Zhan S, Liu Z, Zhang M, Guo T, Quan Q, Huang L, Guo L, Cao L, Zhang X: Overexpression of B7-H3 in alpha-SMA-Positive Fibroblasts Is Associated With Cancer Progression and Survival in Gastric Adenocarcinomas. Front Oncol 2019, 9:1466.
30.Lin DC, Dinh HQ, Xie JJ, Mayakonda A, Silva TC, Jiang YY, Ding LW, He JZ, Xu XE, Hao JJ, et al: Identification of distinct mutational patterns and new driver genes in oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Gut 2018, 67:1769–1779.
31.Jaikanth C, Gurumurthy P, Cherian KM, Indhumathi T: Emergence of omentin as a pleiotropic adipocytokine. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2013, 121:377–383.
32.Li D, Mei H, Pu J, Xiang X, Zhao X, Qu H, Huang K, Zheng L, Tong Q: Intelectin 1 suppresses the growth, invasion and metastasis of neuroblastoma cells through up-regulation of N-myc downstream regulated gene 2. Mol Cancer 2015, 14:47.
33.Li D, Zhao X, Xiao Y, Mei H, Pu J, Xiang X, Jiao W, Song H, Qu H, Huang K, et al: Intelectin 1 suppresses tumor progression and is associated with improved survival in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2015, 6:16168–16182.
34.Kim HJ, Kang UB, Lee H, Jung JH, Lee ST, Yu MH, Kim H, Lee C: Profiling of differentially expressed proteins in stage IV colorectal cancers with good and poor outcomes. J Proteomics 2012, 75:2983–2997.
35.Aleksandrova K, di Giuseppe R, Isermann B, Biemann R, Schulze M, Wittenbecher C, Fritsche A, Lehmann R, Menzel J, Weikert C, et al: Circulating Omentin as a Novel Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Risk: Data from the EPIC-Potsdam Cohort Study. Cancer Res 2016, 76:3862–3871.
36.Rose DM, Han J, Ginsberg MH: Alpha4 integrins and the immune response. Immunol Rev 2002, 186:118–124.
37.Kuhbandner K, Hammer A, Haase S, Terbrack E, Hoffmann A, Schippers A, Wagner N, Hussain RZ, Miller-Little WA, Koh AY, et al: MAdCAM–1-Mediated Intestinal Lymphocyte Homing Is Critical for the Development of Active Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2019, 10:903.
38.Steiniger B, Barth P, Hellinger A: The perifollicular and marginal zones of the human splenic white pulp: do fibroblasts guide lymphocyte immigration? Am J Pathol 2001, 159:501–512.
39.Lin SY, Miao YR, Hu FF, Hu H, Zhang Q, Li Q, Chen Z, Guo AY: A 6-Membrane Protein Gene score for prognostic prediction of cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia in multiple cohorts. J Cancer 2020, 11:251–259.
40.Otsubo C, Otomo R, Miyazaki M, Matsushima-Hibiya Y, Kohno T, Iwakawa R, Takeshita F, Okayama H, Ichikawa H, Saya H, et al: TSPAN2 is involved in cell invasion and motility during lung cancer progression. Cell Rep 2014, 7:527–538.
41.Akerstrom B, Logdberg L, Berggard T, Osmark P, Lindqvist A: alpha(1)-Microglobulin: a yellow-brown lipocalin. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000, 1482:172–184.
42.Sekikawa S, Onda T, Miura N, Nomura T, Takano N, Shibahara T, Honda K: Underexpression of alpha–1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor predicts a poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2018, 53:2605–2614.
43.Nouhi Z, Chughtai N, Hartley S, Cocolakis E, Lebrun JJ, Ali S: Defining the role of prolactin as an invasion suppressor hormone in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006, 66:1824–1832.
44.Hachim IY, Hachim MY, Lopez VM, Lebrun JJ, Ali S: Prolactin Receptor Expression is an Independent Favorable Prognostic Marker in Human Breast Cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016, 24:238–245.
45.Bauernhofer T, Pichler M, Wieckowski E, Stanson J, Aigelsreiter A, Griesbacher A, Groselj-Strele A, Linecker A, Samonigg H, Langner C, Whiteside TL: Prolactin receptor is a negative prognostic factor in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Br J Cancer 2011, 104:1641–1648.
46.Li Y, Lu Z, Che Y, Wang J, Sun S, Huang J, Mao S, Lei Y, Chen Z, He J: Immune signature profiling identified predictive and prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2017, 6:e1356147.
47.Reuter D, Staege MS, Kuhnol CD, Foll J: Immunostimulation by OX40 Ligand Transgenic Ewing Sarcoma Cells. Front Oncol 2015, 5:242.
48.Wikenheiser DJ, Stumhofer JS: ICOS Co-Stimulation: Friend or Foe? Front Immunol 2016, 7:304.
49.Duhen T, Duhen R, Montler R, Moses J, Moudgil T, de Miranda NF, Goodall CP, Blair TC, Fox BA, McDermott JE, et al: Co-expression of CD39 and CD103 identifies tumor-reactive CD8 T cells in human solid tumors. Nat Commun 2018, 9:2724.
50.Rozali EN, Hato SV, Robinson BW, Lake RA, Lesterhuis WJ: Programmed death ligand 2 in cancer-induced immune suppression. Clin Dev Immunol 2012, 2012:656340.
51.Sabatos CA, Chakravarti S, Cha E, Schubart A, Sanchez-Fueyo A, Zheng XX, Coyle AJ, Strom TB, Freeman GJ, Kuchroo VK: Interaction of Tim–3 and Tim–3 ligand regulates T helper type 1 responses and induction of peripheral tolerance. Nat Immunol 2003, 4:1102–1110.
52.Aykut B, Chen R, Miller G: Regulatory T Cells Keep Pancreatic Cancer at Bay. Cancer Discov 2020, 10:345–347.
53.Yang L, Li A, Lei Q, Zhang Y: Tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways: key roles in the regulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2019, 12:125.